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The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) agents into web browsers introduces security challenges that go beyond traditional web application threat models. Prior work has identified prompt injection as a new attack vector for web…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-26 Kaiyuan Zhang , Mark Tenenholtz , Kyle Polley , Jerry Ma , Denis Yarats , Ninghui Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into high-stakes applications, making robust safety guarantees a central practical and commercial concern. Existing safety evaluations predominantly rely on fixed collections of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Zafir Shamsi , Nikhil Chekuru , Zachary Guzman , Shivank Garg

In the field of robotics and automation, navigation systems based on Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated impressive performance. However, the security aspects of these systems have received relatively less attention.…

A fundamental issue in deep learning has been adversarial robustness. As these systems have scaled, such issues have persisted. Currently, large language models (LLMs) with billions of parameters suffer from adversarial attacks just like…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Brian Formento , Chuan Sheng Foo , See-Kiong Ng

Large language models (LLMs) are renowned for their exceptional capabilities, and applying to a wide range of applications. However, this widespread use brings significant vulnerabilities. Also, it is well observed that there are huge gap…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-23 Md Abdur Rahman , Hossain Shahriar , Fan Wu , Alfredo Cuzzocrea

As the pre-trained language models (PLMs) continue to grow, so do the hardware and data requirements for fine-tuning PLMs. Therefore, the researchers have come up with a lighter method called \textit{Prompt Learning}. However, during the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-09-07 Yundi Shi , Piji Li , Changchun Yin , Zhaoyang Han , Lu Zhou , Zhe Liu

When large language model (LLM) systems interact with external data to perform complex tasks, a new attack, namely prompt injection, becomes a significant threat. By injecting instructions into the data accessed by the system, the attacker…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Sizhe Chen , Yizhu Wang , Nicholas Carlini , Chawin Sitawarin , David Wagner

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed the development of embodied intelligence. By providing a few contextual demonstrations, developers can utilize the extensive internal knowledge of LLMs to effortlessly translate complex tasks…

Modern Large audio-language models (LALMs) power intelligent voice interactions by tightly integrating audio and text. This integration, however, expands the attack surface beyond text and introduces vulnerabilities in the continuous,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Meng Chen , Kun Wang , Li Lu , Jiaheng Zhang , Tianwei Zhang

Prompt injection attacks deceive a large language model into completing an attacker-specified task instead of its intended task by contaminating its input data with an injected prompt, which consists of injected instruction(s) and data.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Yuqi Jia , Yupei Liu , Zedian Shao , Jinyuan Jia , Neil Gong

Large language model (LLM)-integrated applications have become increasingly prevalent, yet face critical security vulnerabilities from prompt injection (PI) attacks. Defending against PI attacks faces two major issues: malicious…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Zhiyuan Chang , Mingyang Li , Yuekai Huang , Ziyou Jiang , Xiaojun Jia , Qian Xiong , Junjie Wang , Zhaoyang Li , Qing Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into sensitive workflows, raising the stakes for adversarial robustness and safety. This paper introduces Transient Turn Injection(TTI), a new multi-turn attack technique that…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Naheed Rayhan , Sohely Jahan

Agentic AI has been a topic of great interest recently. A Large Language Model (LLM) agent involves one or more LLMs in the back-end. In the front end, it conducts autonomous decision-making by combining the LLM outputs with results…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Yuntong Zhang , Sungmin Kang , Ruijie Meng , Marcel Böhme , Abhik Roychoudhury

We surface a new threat to closed-weight Large Language Models (LLMs) that enables an attacker to compute optimization-based prompt injections. Specifically, we characterize how an attacker can leverage the loss-like information returned…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Andrey Labunets , Nishit V. Pandya , Ashish Hooda , Xiaohan Fu , Earlence Fernandes

Large language models (LLMs) deployed behind APIs and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) stacks are vulnerable to prompt injection attacks that may override system policies, subvert intended behavior, and induce unsafe outputs. Existing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Md Takrim Ul Alam , Akif Islam , Mohd Ruhul Ameen , Abu Saleh Musa Miah , Jungpil Shin

Large language models (LLMs) based recommender systems (RecSys) can adapt to different domains flexibly. It utilizes in-context learning (ICL), i.e., prompts, to customize the recommendation functions, which include sensitive historical…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-01-23 Jiajie He , Min-Chun Chen , Xintong Chen , Xinyang Fang , Yuechun Gu , Keke Chen

The ongoing intense discussion on rising LLM usage in the scientific peer-review process has recently been mingled by reports of authors using hidden prompt injections to manipulate review scores. Since the existence of such "attacks" -…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Janis Keuper

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into a wide range of applications has highlighted the critical role of well-crafted system prompts, which require extensive testing and domain expertise. These prompts enhance task performance…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-30 Zhixiong Zhuang , Maria-Irina Nicolae , Hui-Po Wang , Mario Fritz

The strong planning and reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have fostered the development of agent-based systems capable of leveraging external tools and interacting with increasingly complex environments. However, these…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Zhun Wang , Vincent Siu , Zhe Ye , Tianneng Shi , Yuzhou Nie , Xuandong Zhao , Chenguang Wang , Wenbo Guo , Dawn Song

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into enterprise systems has introduced a new class of covert security vulnerabilities, particularly within logic execution layers and persistent memory contexts. This paper introduces…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-08 Hammad Atta , Ken Huang , Manish Bhatt , Kamal Ahmed , Muhammad Aziz Ul Haq , Yasir Mehmood