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Accurate and computationally-viable representations of clouds and turbulence are a long-standing challenge for climate model development. Traditional parameterizations that crudely but efficiently approximate these processes are a leading…

大气与海洋物理 · 物理学 2024-01-05 Jerry Lin , Mohamed Aziz Bhouri , Tom Beucler , Sungduk Yu , Michael Pritchard

Temperature is a widely used hyperparameter in various tasks involving neural networks, such as classification or metric learning, whose choice can have a direct impact on the model performance. Most of existing works select its value using…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-19 Benjamin Chamand , Olivier Risser-Maroix , Camille Kurtz , Philippe Joly , Nicolas Loménie

Large language models (LLMs) can suffer from hallucinations when generating text. These hallucinations impede various applications in society and industry by making LLMs untrustworthy. Current LLMs generate text in an autoregressive fashion…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Lukas Aichberger , Kajetan Schweighofer , Mykyta Ielanskyi , Sepp Hochreiter

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to complex tasks that require extended reasoning. In such settings, models often benefit from diverse chains-of-thought to arrive at multiple candidate solutions. This requires two…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Xueyan Li , Guinan Su , Mrinmaya Sachan , Jonas Geiping

Large language models (LLMs) often suffer from hallucination, generating factually incorrect or ungrounded content, which limits their reliability in high-stakes applications. A key factor contributing to hallucination is the use of hard…

Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) trains large language models (LLMs) from sampled trajectories, making decoding strategy a core component of learning rather than a purely inference-time choice. Sampling temperature…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-16 Yixiao Zhou , Yang Li , Dongzhou Cheng , Hehe Fan , Yu Cheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to lack cultural representation and overall diversity in their generations, from expressing opinions to answering factual questions. To mitigate this problem, we propose multilingual prompting: a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Qihan Wang , Shidong Pan , Tal Linzen , Emily Black

Generating diverse responses from large language models (LLMs) is crucial for applications such as planning/search and synthetic data generation, where diversity provides distinct answers across generations. Prior approaches rely on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Justin Wong , Yury Orlovskiy , Michael Luo , Sanjit A. Seshia , Joseph E. Gonzalez

Large language models have led to significant progress across many NLP tasks, although their massive sizes often incur substantial computational costs. Distillation has become a common practice to compress these large and highly capable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-06 Zishun Yu , Shangzhe Li , Xinhua Zhang

While gradient-based discrete samplers are effective in sampling from complex distributions, they are susceptible to getting trapped in local minima, particularly in high-dimensional, multimodal discrete distributions, owing to the…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-05-21 Luxu Liang , Yuhang Jia , Feng Zhou

Inference-time alignment techniques offer a lightweight alternative or complement to costly reinforcement learning, while enabling continual adaptation as alignment objectives and reward targets evolve. Existing theoretical analyses justify…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Ye Wang , Jing Liu , Toshiaki Koike-Akino

Sampling-based decoding strategies have been widely adopted for Large Language Models (LLMs) in numerous applications, targeting a balance between diversity and quality via temperature tuning and tail truncation. Considering the strong…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-09 Yuxuan Zhou , Margret Keuper , Mario Fritz

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a standard route to compress Large Language Models (LLMs) into compact students, yet most pipelines uniformly apply token-wise loss regardless of teacher confidence. This indiscriminate supervision amplifies…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Haiduo Huang , Jiangcheng Song , Yadong Zhang , Pengju Ren

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful foundational models to solve a variety of tasks, they have also been shown to be prone to hallucinations, i.e., generating responses that sound confident but are actually incorrect…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-29 Jiawei Li , Akshayaa Magesh , Venugopal V. Veeravalli

Modern large language models (LLMs) represent a paradigm shift in what can plausibly be expected of machine learning models. The fact that LLMs can effectively generate sensible answers to a diverse range of queries suggests that they would…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-27 Dean Wyatte , Fatemeh Tahmasbi , Ming Li , Thomas Markovich

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for modern generative modeling, demonstrating strong potential for large language models (LLMs). Unlike conventional autoregressive (AR) models that generate tokens sequentially,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Gen Li , Changxiao Cai

Recent advances in knowledge distillation (KD) have enabled smaller student models to approach the performance of larger teacher models. However, popular methods such as supervised KD and on-policy KD, are adversely impacted by the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-29 Wenda Xu , Rujun Han , Zifeng Wang , Long T. Le , Dhruv Madeka , Lei Li , William Yang Wang , Rishabh Agarwal , Chen-Yu Lee , Tomas Pfister

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable results in wide range of domains. However, the accuracy and robustness of one-shot LLM predictions remain highly sensitive to the examples and the diversity among ensemble members. This…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-16 Junichiro Niimi

Large language models provide rich semantic priors and strong reasoning capabilities, making them promising auxiliary signals for recommendation. However, prevailing approaches either deploy LLMs as standalone recommender or apply global…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-12-29 Shanglin Yang , Zhan Shi

It is now well known that neural networks can be wrong with high confidence in their predictions, leading to poor calibration. The most common post-hoc approach to compensate for this is to perform temperature scaling, which adjusts the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-07-25 Tom Joy , Francesco Pinto , Ser-Nam Lim , Philip H. S. Torr , Puneet K. Dokania