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The rapid progress of Large Language Models (LLMs) has brought substantial computational and memory demands, spurring the adoption of low-bit quantization. While 8-bit and 4-bit formats have become prevalent, extending quantization to 2…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Jiayi Chen , Jieqi Shi , Jing Huo , Chen Wu

We challenge the prevailing view that weight oscillations observed during Quantization Aware Training (QAT) are merely undesirable side-effects and argue instead that they are an essential part of QAT. We show in a univariate linear model…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-10 Jonathan Wenshøj , Bob Pepin , Raghavendra Selvan

A growing trend has emerged in designing high-quality Small Language Models (SLMs) with a few million parameters. This trend is driven by the increasing concerns over cloud costs, privacy, and latency. Considering that full parameter…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-03 Xuan Shen , Peiyan Dong , Zhenglun Kong , Yifan Gong , Changdi Yang , Zhaoyang Han , Yanyue Xie , Lei Lu , Cheng Lyu , Chao Wu , Yanzhi Wang , Pu Zhao

Large-scale pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have gained prominence in various visual and multimodal tasks, yet the deployment of VLMs on downstream application platforms remains challenging due to their prohibitive requirements of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-09-27 Huixin Sun , Runqi Wang , Yanjing Li , Xianbin Cao , Xiaolong Jiang , Yao Hu , Baochang Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) excel at natural language tasks but face deployment challenges due to their growing size outpacing GPU memory advancements. Model quantization mitigates this issue by lowering weight and activation precision,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-17 Shizhuo Mao , Song Chen , Yi Kang

Despite the outstanding performance of transformers in both language and vision tasks, the expanding computation and model size have increased the demand for efficient deployment. To address the heavy computation and parameter drawbacks,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Xijie Huang , Zhiqiang Shen , Pingcheng Dong , Kwang-Ting Cheng

Model quantization reduces neural network parameter precision to achieve compression, but often compromises accuracy. Existing post-training quantization (PTQ) methods employ iterative parameter updates to preserve accuracy under high…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Zekang Zheng , Haokun Li , Yaofo Chen , Mingkui Tan , Qing Du

Quantization can drastically increase the efficiency of large language and vision models, but typically incurs an accuracy drop. Recently, function-preserving transforms (e.g. rotations, Hadamard transform, channel-wise scaling) have been…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Marco Federici , Boris van Breugel , Paul Whatmough , Markus Nagel

In the quest for next-generation sequence modeling architectures, State Space Models (SSMs) have emerged as a potent alternative to transformers, particularly for their computational efficiency and suitability for dynamical systems. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-17 Steven Abreu , Jens E. Pedersen , Kade M. Heckel , Alessandro Pierro

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is the go-to compression technique for large generative models, such as stable diffusion or large language models. PTQ methods commonly keep the softmax activation in higher precision as it has been shown to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-09-06 Nilesh Prasad Pandey , Marios Fournarakis , Chirag Patel , Markus Nagel

The success of deep learning has sparked significant interest in designing computer hardware optimized for the high computational demands of neural network inference. As further miniaturization of digital CMOS processors becomes…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-27 Xiao Wang , Hendrik Borras , Bernhard Klein , Holger Fröning

Denoising diffusion models have emerged as state-of-the-art in generative tasks across image, audio, and video domains, producing high-quality, diverse, and contextually relevant data. However, their broader adoption is limited by high…

声音 · 计算机科学 2024-09-24 Jayneel Vora , Aditya Krishnan , Nader Bouacida , Prabhu RV Shankar , Prasant Mohapatra

Quantization is one of the core components in lossy image compression. For neural image compression, end-to-end optimization requires differentiable approximations of quantization, which can generally be grouped into three categories:…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-03-26 Zongyu Guo , Zhizheng Zhang , Runsen Feng , Zhibo Chen

Neural networks training on edge terminals is essential for edge AI computing, which needs to be adaptive to evolving environment. Quantised models can efficiently run on edge devices, but existing training methods for these compact models…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-29 Tian Huang , Tao Luo , Ming Yan , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Rick Goh

Reducing the latency and model size has always been a significant research problem for live Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) application scenarios. Along this direction, model quantization has become an increasingly popular approach to…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-03-06 Shaojin Ding , Phoenix Meadowlark , Yanzhang He , Lukasz Lew , Shivani Agrawal , Oleg Rybakov

Sequence labeling systems should perform reliably not only under ideal conditions but also with corrupted inputs - as these systems often process user-generated text or follow an error-prone upstream component. To this end, we formulate the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-05-15 Marcin Namysl , Sven Behnke , Joachim Köhler

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of quantization techniques for optimizing Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically focusing on Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) and Quantization-Aware Training (QAT). Through empirical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-12 Jahid Hasan

Quantizing deep neural networks is an effective method for reducing memory consumption and improving inference speed, and is thus useful for implementation in resource-constrained devices. However, it is still hard for extremely low-bit…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-11-03 Kohei Yamamoto

In Large Language Models (LLMs), the number of parameters has grown exponentially in the past few years, e.g., from 1.5 billion parameters in GPT-2 to 175 billion in GPT-3 to possibly more than trillion in higher versions. This raises a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-06 Mahmoud Elgenedy

End-to-end models have shown superior performance for automatic speech recognition (ASR). However, such models are often very large in size and thus challenging to deploy on resource-constrained edge devices. While quantisation can reduce…

声音 · 计算机科学 2024-08-09 Qiuming Zhao , Guangzhi Sun , Chao Zhang , Mingxing Xu , Thomas Fang Zheng