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Existing vector quantization (VQ) based autoregressive models follow a two-stage generation paradigm that first learns a codebook to encode images as discrete codes, and then completes generation based on the learned codebook. However, they…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-05-22 Mengqi Huang , Zhendong Mao , Zhuowei Chen , Yongdong Zhang

For autoregressive (AR) modeling of high-resolution images, vector quantization (VQ) represents an image as a sequence of discrete codes. A short sequence length is important for an AR model to reduce its computational costs to consider…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-03-10 Doyup Lee , Chiheon Kim , Saehoon Kim , Minsu Cho , Wook-Shin Han

Although two-stage Vector Quantized (VQ) generative models allow for synthesizing high-fidelity and high-resolution images, their quantization operator encodes similar patches within an image into the same index, resulting in a repeated…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-09-20 Chuanxia Zheng , Long Tung Vuong , Jianfei Cai , Dinh Phung

Vector-Quantized Variational Autoencoders (VQ-VAE)[1] provide an unsupervised model for learning discrete representations by combining vector quantization and autoencoders. In this paper, we study the use of VQ-VAE for representation…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2019-03-05 Hanwei Wu , Markus Flierl

While visual autoregressive modeling (VAR) strategies have shed light on image generation with the autoregressive models, their potential for segmentation, a task that requires precise low-level spatial perception, remains unexplored.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Rongkun Zheng , Lu Qi , Xi Chen , Yi Wang , Kun Wang , Hengshuang Zhao

We propose a multi-layer variational autoencoder method, we call HR-VQVAE, that learns hierarchical discrete representations of the data. By utilizing a novel objective function, each layer in HR-VQVAE learns a discrete representation of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-08-10 Mohammad Adiban , Kalin Stefanov , Sabato Marco Siniscalchi , Giampiero Salvi

Masked autoregressive (MAR) models unify the strengths of masked and autoregressive generation by predicting tokens in a fixed order using bidirectional attention for image generation. While effective, MAR models suffer from significant…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Chaoyi Jiang , Sungwoo Kim , Lei Gao , Hossein Entezari Zarch , Won Woo Ro , Murali Annavaram

Representation learning seeks to expose certain aspects of observed data in a learned representation that's amenable to downstream tasks like classification. For instance, a good representation for 2D images might be one that describes only…

Although autoregressive models have achieved promising results on image generation, their unidirectional generation process prevents the resultant images from fully reflecting global contexts. To address the issue, we propose an effective…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-06-10 Doyup Lee , Chiheon Kim , Saehoon Kim , Minsu Cho , Wook-Shin Han

We explore the use of Vector Quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQ-VAE) models for large scale image generation. To this end, we scale and enhance the autoregressive priors used in VQ-VAE to generate synthetic samples of much higher…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-04 Ali Razavi , Aaron van den Oord , Oriol Vinyals

Product Quantization (PQ) has long been a mainstream for generating an exponentially large codebook at very low memory/time cost. Despite its success, PQ is still tricky for the decomposition of high-dimensional vector space, and the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-12-08 Lianli Gao , Xiaosu Zhu , Jingkuan Song , Zhou Zhao , Heng Tao Shen

The integration of Vector Quantised Variational AutoEncoder (VQ-VAE) with autoregressive models as generation part has yielded high-quality results on image generation. However, the autoregressive models will strictly follow the progressive…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-01 Minghui Hu , Yujie Wang , Tat-Jen Cham , Jianfei Yang , P. N. Suganthan

Traditional transformer-based semantic segmentation relies on quantized embeddings. However, our analysis reveals that autoencoder accuracy on segmentation mask using quantized embeddings (e.g. VQ-VAE) is 8% lower than continuous-valued…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-21 Masud Ahmed , Zahid Hasan , Syed Arefinul Haque , Abu Zaher Md Faridee , Sanjay Purushotham , Suya You , Nirmalya Roy

Despite recent successes in synthesizing faces and bedrooms, existing generative models struggle to capture more complex image types, potentially due to the oversimplification of their latent space constructions. To tackle this issue,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-03-13 Wenling Shang , Kihyuk Sohn , Yuandong Tian

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are fundamental for generative modeling and image reconstruction, yet their performance often struggles to maintain high fidelity in reconstructions. This study introduces a hybrid model, quantum variational…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Farina Riaz , Fakhar Zaman , Hajime Suzuki , Sharif Abuadbba , David Nguyen

Vector Quantized Variational Autoencoder (VQ-VAE) has become a fundamental framework for learning discrete representations in image modeling. However, VQ-VAE models must tokenize entire images using a finite set of codebook vectors, and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Jaeyung Kim , YoungJoon Yoo

Vector-quantized image modeling has shown great potential in synthesizing high-quality images. However, generating high-resolution images remains a challenging task due to the quadratic computational overhead of the self-attention process.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-10-10 Shiyue Cao , Yueqin Yin , Lianghua Huang , Yu Liu , Xin Zhao , Deli Zhao , Kaiqi Huang

Autoregressive conditional image generation algorithms are capable of generating photorealistic images that are consistent with given textual or image conditions, and have great potential for a wide range of applications. Nevertheless, the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-19 Qiaoying Qu , Shiyu Shen

Unifying multimodal understanding, generation and reconstruction representation in a single tokenizer remains a key challenge in building unified models. Previous research predominantly attempts to address this in a dual encoder paradigm,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Sinan Du , Jiahao Guo , Bo Li , Shuhao Cui , Zhengzhuo Xu , Yifu Luo , Yongxian Wei , Kun Gai , Xinggang Wang , Kai Wu , Chun Yuan

Generative models with discrete latent representations have recently demonstrated an impressive ability to learn complex high-dimensional data distributions. However, their performance relies on a long sequence of tokens per instance and a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-26 David D. Nguyen , David Leibowitz , Surya Nepal , Salil S. Kanhere
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