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Large Language Models (LLMs), being generic task solvers, are versatile. However, despite the vast amount of data they are trained on, there are speculations about their adaptation capabilities to a new domain. Additionally, the simple…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Anum Afzal , Mehul Kumawat , Florian Matthes

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) aims to adapt pre-trained models to specific tasks using relatively small and domain-specific datasets. Among Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) stands out by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Yarui Cao , Kai Liu

The performance emergence of large language models (LLMs) driven by data scaling laws makes the selection of pre-training data increasingly important. However, existing methods rely on limited heuristics and human intuition, lacking…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-09 Ru Peng , Kexin Yang , Yawen Zeng , Junyang Lin , Dayiheng Liu , Junbo Zhao

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is one of the most widely used techniques for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs). By introducing a small number of trainable low-rank weight matrices, LoRA substantially reduces the number of parameters that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Seokmin Ko

Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) have demonstrated strong generalization capabilities across diverse distributions and tasks, largely due to extensive pre-training datasets. Fine-tuning MLLM has become a common practice to improve…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-19 Wenke Huang , Jian Liang , Zekun Shi , Didi Zhu , Guancheng Wan , He Li , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao , Mang Ye

Scaling laws predict that the performance of large language models improves with increasing model size and data size. In practice, pre-training has been relying on massive web crawls, using almost all data sources publicly available on the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Thao Nguyen , Yang Li , Olga Golovneva , Luke Zettlemoyer , Sewoong Oh , Ludwig Schmidt , Xian Li

In the last decade, the generalization and adaptation abilities of deep learning models were typically evaluated on fixed training and test distributions. Contrary to traditional deep learning, large language models (LLMs) are (i) even more…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-17 Fırat Öncel , Matthias Bethge , Beyza Ermis , Mirco Ravanelli , Cem Subakan , Çağatay Yıldız

Training large language models (LLMs) for different inference constraints is computationally expensive, limiting control over efficiency-accuracy trade-offs. Moreover, once trained, these models typically process tokens uniformly,…

Subword regularization methods such as BPE dropout are typically applied only during fine-tuning, while pretraining is usually done with deterministic tokenization. This creates a potential segmentation mismatch between pretraining and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Ruan Visser , Trienko Grobler , Marcel Dunaiski

In this work, we investigate whether small language models can determine high-quality subsets of large-scale text datasets that improve the performance of larger language models. While existing work has shown that pruning based on the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-03 Zachary Ankner , Cody Blakeney , Kartik Sreenivasan , Max Marion , Matthew L. Leavitt , Mansheej Paul

Large Language Models improve with increasing amounts of high-quality training data. However, leveraging larger datasets requires balancing quality, quantity, and diversity across sources. After evaluating nine baseline methods under both…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-27 William Held , Bhargavi Paranjape , Punit Singh Koura , Mike Lewis , Frank Zhang , Todor Mihaylov

Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) have advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks significantly, but finetuning PLMs on low-resource datasets poses significant challenges such as instability and overfitting. Previous methods tackle…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-20 Sai Ashish Somayajula , Youwei Liang , Abhishek Singh , Li Zhang , Pengtao Xie

One of the biggest bottlenecks in a machine learning workflow is waiting for models to train. Depending on the available computing resources, it can take days to weeks to train a neural network on a large dataset with many classes such as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-13 Sam Shleifer , Eric Prokop

Lack of specialized data makes building a multi-domain neural machine translation tool challenging. Although emerging literature dealing with low resource languages starts to show promising results, most state-of-the-art models used…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-04-17 Idriss Mghabbar , Pirashanth Ratnamogan

We propose a novel task-agnostic in-domain pre-training method that sits between generic pre-training and fine-tuning. Our approach selectively masks in-domain keywords, i.e., words that provide a compact representation of the target…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-17 Shahriar Golchin , Mihai Surdeanu , Nazgol Tavabi , Ata Kiapour

Continued pre-training of small language models offers a promising path for domain adaptation with limited computational resources. I've investigated this approach within educational domains, evaluating it as a resource-efficient…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Salman Faroz

Structured pruning methods designed for Large Language Models (LLMs) generally focus on identifying and removing the least important components to optimize model size. However, in this work, we question this prevalent approach by instead…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Neha Verma , Kenton Murray , Kevin Duh

Scaling laws for language models have often focused on finding the optimal model size and token count for training from scratch. However, achieving this optimal balance requires significant compute resources due to the extensive data…

Large language model pre-training has traditionally relied on human experts to craft heuristics for improving the corpora quality, resulting in numerous rules developed to date. However, these rules lack the flexibility to address the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-17 Fan Zhou , Zengzhi Wang , Qian Liu , Junlong Li , Pengfei Liu

Fine-tuning large-scale pre-trained models is inherently a resource-intensive task. While it can enhance the capabilities of the model, it also incurs substantial computational costs, posing challenges to the practical application of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-27 Yulong Mao , Kaiyu Huang , Changhao Guan , Ganglin Bao , Fengran Mo , Jinan Xu