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The increasing cost of training machine learning (ML) models has led to the inclusion of new parties to the training pipeline, such as users who contribute training data and companies that provide computing resources. This involvement of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-02 Minxing Zhang , Ahmed Salem , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Machine learning (ML) has established itself as a cornerstone for various critical applications ranging from autonomous driving to authentication systems. However, with this increasing adoption rate of machine learning models, multiple…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-11-09 Ahmed Salem , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Machine learning (ML), driven by prominent paradigms such as centralized and federated learning, has made significant progress in various critical applications ranging from autonomous driving to face recognition. However, its remarkable…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-06 Zheng Li , Siyuan Wu , Ruichuan Chen , Paarijaat Aditya , Istemi Ekin Akkus , Manohar Vanga , Min Zhang , Hao Li , Yang Zhang

The fast advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) are driving an increasing number of applications. Together with the growing number of users, we also see an increasing number of attackers who try to outsmart these systems. They want…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Patrick Levi , Christoph P. Neumann

In the burgeoning domain of machine learning, the reliance on third-party services for model training and the adoption of pre-trained models have surged. However, this reliance introduces vulnerabilities to model hijacking attacks, where…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-23 Xing He , Jiahao Chen , Yuwen Pu , Qingming Li , Chunyi Zhou , Yingcai Wu , Jinbao Li , Shouling Ji

Model merging for Large Language Models (LLMs) directly fuses the parameters of different models finetuned on various tasks, creating a unified model for multi-domain tasks. However, due to potential vulnerabilities in models available on…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Zenghui Yuan , Yangming Xu , Jiawen Shi , Pan Zhou , Lichao Sun

Goal hijacking is a type of adversarial attack on Large Language Models (LLMs) where the objective is to manipulate the model into producing a specific, predetermined output, regardless of the user's original input. In goal hijacking, an…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-12 Zheng Chen , Buhui Yao

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge, making them adaptable and cost-effective for various applications. However, the growing reliance on these systems also…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-31 Yucheng Zhang , Qinfeng Li , Tianyu Du , Xuhong Zhang , Xinkui Zhao , Zhengwen Feng , Jianwei Yin

Current adversarial attack algorithms, where an adversary changes a text to fool a victim model, have been repeatedly shown to be effective against text classifiers. These attacks, however, generally assume that the victim model is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-17 Tom Roth , Inigo Jauregi Unanue , Alsharif Abuadbba , Massimo Piccardi

Backdoors and adversarial examples are the two primary threats currently faced by deep neural networks (DNNs). Both attacks attempt to hijack the model behaviors with unintended outputs by introducing (small) perturbations to the inputs.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-01-22 Yunjie Ge , Qian Wang , Huayang Huang , Qi Li , Cong Wang , Chao Shen , Lingchen Zhao , Peipei Jiang , Zheng Fang , Shenyi Zhang

Text-to-image generation models have recently attracted unprecedented attention as they unlatch imaginative applications in all areas of life. However, developing such models requires huge amounts of data that might contain…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-10-04 Yixin Wu , Ning Yu , Zheng Li , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

In recent years, text generation tools utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) have occasionally been misused across various domains, such as generating student reports or creative writings. This issue prompts plagiarism detection services…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-14 Ahmed K. Kadhim , Lei Jiao , Rishad Shafik , Ole-Christoffer Granmo

Existing adversarial attacks on vision-language models (VLMs) can steer model outputs toward attacker-specified target responses, but their effectiveness often degrades when the same perturbed input is paired with different textual queries.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Zhiqiang Wang , Dongrui Liu , Yan Li , Zonghao Ying , Wei Xue , Wenhan Luo , Yike Guo

In-context learning (ICL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm leveraging LLMs for specific downstream tasks by utilizing labeled examples as demonstrations (demos) in the preconditioned prompts. Despite its promising performance, crafted…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Xiangyu Zhou , Yao Qiang , Saleh Zare Zade , Prashant Khanduri , Dongxiao Zhu

The landscape of adversarial attacks against text classifiers continues to grow, with new attacks developed every year and many of them available in standard toolkits, such as TextAttack and OpenAttack. In response, there is a growing body…

Current image generation models can effortlessly produce high-quality, highly realistic images, but this also increases the risk of misuse. In various Text-to-Image or Image-to-Image tasks, attackers can generate a series of images…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-01 Hao Cheng , Erjia Xiao , Jiayan Yang , Jiahang Cao , Qiang Zhang , Jize Zhang , Kaidi Xu , Jindong Gu , Renjing Xu

Model hijacking can cause significant accountability and security risks since the owner of a hijacked model can be framed for having their model offer illegal or unethical services. Prior works consider model hijacking as a training time…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Mahmoud Ghorbel , Halima Bouzidi , Ioan Marius Bilasco , Ihsen Alouani

Text-to-Image generation models have revolutionized the artwork design process and enabled anyone to create high-quality images by entering text descriptions called prompts. Creating a high-quality prompt that consists of a subject and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Xinyue Shen , Yiting Qu , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Ensuring the security of large language models (LLMs) is an ongoing challenge despite their widespread popularity. Developers work to enhance LLMs security, but vulnerabilities persist, even in advanced versions like GPT-4. Attackers…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-12-19 Aysan Esmradi , Daniel Wankit Yip , Chun Fai Chan

The promise of LLM watermarking rests on a core assumption that a specific watermark proves authorship by a specific model. We demonstrate that this assumption is dangerously flawed. We introduce the threat of watermark spoofing, a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Hyeseon An , Shinwoo Park , Suyeon Woo , Yo-Sub Han
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