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Citation quality is crucial in information-seeking systems, directly influencing trust and the effectiveness of information access. Current evaluation frameworks, both human and automatic, mainly rely on Natural Language Inference (NLI) to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Yumo Xu , Peng Qi , Jifan Chen , Kunlun Liu , Rujun Han , Lan Liu , Bonan Min , Vittorio Castelli , Arshit Gupta , Zhiguo Wang

Expert-level scientific reasoning remains challenging for large language models, particularly on benchmarks such as Humanity's Last Exam (HLE), where rigid tool pipelines, brittle multi-agent coordination, and inefficient test-time scaling…

Understanding a program's runtime reasoning behavior, meaning how intermediate states and control flows lead to final execution results, is essential for reliable code generation, debugging, and automated reasoning. Although large language…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Mohammad Abdollahi , Khandaker Rifah Tasnia , Soumit Kanti Saha , Jinqiu Yang , Song Wang , Hadi Hemmati

Structured reasoning can improve the inference performance of large language models (LLMs), but it also introduces computational cost and control constraints. When additional reasoning structure helps, and when it instead reduces efficiency…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Junyu Guo , Shangding Gu , Ming Jin , Costas Spanos , Javad Lavaei

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards has become a common way to improve explicit reasoning in large language models, but final-answer correctness alone does not reveal whether the reasoning trace is faithful, reliable, or useful…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Tianyang Han , Hengyu Shi , Junjie Hu , Xu Yang , Zhiling Wang , Junhao Su

In current Large Language Models we can trust the production of smoothly flowing prose on the basis of the principles of machine learning. However, there is no comparably principled basis to justify trust in the content of the text…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Leslie G. Valiant

Existing benchmarks treat multi-turn conversation and reasoning-intensive retrieval separately, yet real-world information seeking requires both. To bridge this gap, we present a benchmark for reasoning-based conversational information…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-01-12 Mohammed Ali , Abdelrahman Abdallah , Amit Agarwal , Hitesh Laxmichand Patel , Adam Jatowt

In the context of multi-step reasoning, e.g., with chain-of-thought, language models (LMs) can easily assign a high likelihood to incorrect steps. As a result, decoding strategies that optimize for solution likelihood often yield incorrect…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-06 Muhammad Khalifa , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Moontae Lee , Honglak Lee , Lu Wang

Generating step-by-step "chain-of-thought" rationales improves language model performance on complex reasoning tasks like mathematics or commonsense question-answering. However, inducing language model rationale generation currently…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-23 Eric Zelikman , Yuhuai Wu , Jesse Mu , Noah D. Goodman

Pre-trained multimodal models have achieved significant success in retrieval-based question answering. However, current multimodal retrieval question-answering models face two main challenges. Firstly, utilizing compressed evidence features…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-10-17 Shuwen Yang , Anran Wu , Xingjiao Wu , Luwei Xiao , Tianlong Ma , Cheng Jin , Liang He

Our goal is to combine the rich multistep inference of symbolic logical reasoning with the generalization capabilities of neural networks. We are particularly interested in complex reasoning about entities and relations in text and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2017-05-02 Rajarshi Das , Arvind Neelakantan , David Belanger , Andrew McCallum

With the rise of LLMs, there is an increasing need for intelligent recommendation assistants that can handle complex queries and provide personalized, reasoning-driven recommendations. LLM-based recommenders show potential but face…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Jiani Huang , Shijie Wang , Liangbo Ning , Wenqi Fan , Qing Li

Rule-based reasoning, a fundamental type of legal reasoning, enables us to draw conclusions by accurately applying a rule to a set of facts. We explore causal language models as rule-based reasoners, specifically with respect to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-26 Sergio Servantez , Joe Barrow , Kristian Hammond , Rajiv Jain

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in scientific domains. While they can produce reasoning-like content via methods such as chain-of-thought prompting, these outputs are typically unstructured and informal, obscuring whether…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Pengze Li , Jiaqi Liu , Junchi Yu , Lihao Liu , Mingyu Ding , Wanli Ouyang , Shixiang Tang , Xi Chen

Large language models (LLMs) now exhibit strong multi-step reasoning abilities, but existing inference-time scaling methods remain computationally expensive, often relying on extensive sampling or external evaluators. We propose a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Nicolas Legrand , Kenneth Enevoldsen , Márton Kardos , Kristoffer Nielbo

Large language models (LLMs) solve complex problems by generating multi-step reasoning traces. Yet these traces are typically analyzed from only one of two perspectives: the sequence of tokens across different reasoning steps in the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-25 Ruidi Chang , Jiawei Zhou , Hanjie Chen

Complex reasoning tasks often rely on the ability to consistently and accurately apply simple rules across incremental steps, a foundational capability which we term "level-0" reasoning. To systematically evaluate this capability, we…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-14 Simeng Sun , Cheng-Ping Hsieh , Faisal Ladhak , Erik Arakelyan , Santiago Akle Serano , Boris Ginsburg

Breaking down a problem into intermediate steps has demonstrated impressive performance in Large Language Model (LLM) reasoning. However, the growth of the reasoning chain introduces uncertainty and error accumulation, making it challenging…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-27 Yuxi Xie , Kenji Kawaguchi , Yiran Zhao , Xu Zhao , Min-Yen Kan , Junxian He , Qizhe Xie

The recent rise of Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) has significantly improved multi-step reasoning performance, but often at the cost of generating excessively long reasoning chains. This paper revisits the efficiency of such reasoning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Xixian Yong , Xiao Zhou , Yingying Zhang , Jinlin Li , Yefeng Zheng , Xian Wu

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning and its variants have substantially improved the performance of language models on complex reasoning tasks, yet the precise mechanisms by which different strategies facilitate generalization remain poorly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Archiki Prasad , Mandar Joshi , Kenton Lee , Mohit Bansal , Peter Shaw