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Post-training quantization has emerged as a widely adopted technique for compressing and accelerating the inference of Large Language Models (LLMs). The primary challenges in LLMs quantization stem from activation outliers, which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Xiusheng Huang , Zhe Li , Xuanwu Yin , Lu Wang , Yequan Wang , Dong Li , Emad Barsoum , Kang Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various domains, but they are constrained by massive computational and storage costs. Quantization, an effective technique for compressing models to fit resource-limited…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Han Liu , Haotian Gao , Xiaotong Zhang , Changya Li , Feng Zhang , Wei Wang , Fenglong Ma , Hong Yu

We present SmoothRot, a novel post-training quantization technique to enhance the efficiency of 4-bit quantization in Large Language Models (LLMs). SmoothRot addresses the critical challenge of massive activation outliers, by integrating…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Patrik Czakó , Gábor Kertész , Sándor Szénási

Quantization is an effective technique for reducing the storage footprint and computational costs of Large Language Models (LLMs), but it often results in performance degradation. Existing post-training quantization methods typically use…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Everlyn Asiko Chimoto , Mostafa Elhoushi , Bruce A. Bassett

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various natural language processing tasks. However, their size presents significant challenges for deployment and inference. This paper investigates the quantization…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-01 Lucas Maisonnave , Cyril Moineau , Olivier Bichler , Fabrice Rastello

Quantization of foundational models (FMs) is significantly more challenging than traditional DNNs due to the emergence of large magnitude values called outliers. Existing outlier-aware algorithm-architecture co-design techniques either use…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-05-01 Akshat Ramachandran , Souvik Kundu , Tushar Krishna

Weight-only post-training quantization (PTQ) is crucial for efficient Large Language Model (LLM) deployment but suffers from accuracy degradation caused by weight and activation outliers. Existing mitigation strategies often face critical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Xi Chen , Ming Li , Junxi Li , Changsheng Li , Peisong Wang , Lizhong Ding , Ye Yuan , Guoren Wang

Low-bit post-training quantization (PTQ) is a pivotal technique for deploying Vision-Language Models (VLMs) on resource-constrained devices. However, existing PTQ methods often degrade VLMs' accuracy due to the heterogeneous activation…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Yi Zhong , Haotong Qin , Xindong Zhang , Lei Zhang , Guolei Sun

Transformer-based language models have become a key building block for natural language processing. While these models are extremely accurate, they can be too large and computationally intensive to run on standard deployments. A variety of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-19 Eldar Kurtic , Daniel Campos , Tuan Nguyen , Elias Frantar , Mark Kurtz , Benjamin Fineran , Michael Goin , Dan Alistarh

Quantization effectively reduces the serving costs of Large Language Models (LLMs) by speeding up data movement through compressed parameters and enabling faster operations via integer arithmetic. However, activating integer arithmetic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Patrik Czakó , Gábor Kertész , Sándor Szénási

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly computationally complex, developing efficient deployment strategies, such as quantization, becomes crucial. State-of-the-art Post-training Quantization (PTQ) techniques often rely on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-17 Alireza Ghaffari , Sharareh Younesian , Boxing Chen , Vahid Partovi Nia , Masoud Asgharian

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing tasks. However, their practical deployment is hindered by their immense memory and computation requirements. Although recent post-training quantization (PTQ)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-19 Wenqi Shao , Mengzhao Chen , Zhaoyang Zhang , Peng Xu , Lirui Zhao , Zhiqian Li , Kaipeng Zhang , Peng Gao , Yu Qiao , Ping Luo

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) has emerged as an effective technique for alleviating the substantial computational and memory overheads of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) by compressing both weights and activations without retraining the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Chenwei Jia , Baoting Li , Xuchong Zhang , Mingzhuo Wei , Bochen Lin , Hongbin Sun

Model quantization has become essential for efficient large language model deployment, yet existing approaches involve clear trade-offs: methods such as GPTQ and AWQ achieve practical compression but are lossy, while lossless techniques…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Michael Helcig , Eldar Kurtic , Dan Alistarh

The impressive capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) come at the cost of substantial computational resources during deployment. While KV Cache can significantly reduce recomputation during inference, it also introduces additional…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-19 Yi Su , Yuechi Zhou , Quantong Qiu , Juntao Li , Qingrong Xia , Ping Li , Xinyu Duan , Zhefeng Wang , Min Zhang

Fine-tuned pre-trained language models can suffer from severe miscalibration for both in-distribution and out-of-distribution (OOD) data due to over-parameterization. To mitigate this issue, we propose a regularized fine-tuning method. Our…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-10-23 Lingkai Kong , Haoming Jiang , Yuchen Zhuang , Jie Lyu , Tuo Zhao , Chao Zhang

Post-training quantization has emerged as the most widely used strategy for deploying large language models at low precision. Still, current methods show perplexity degradation at bit-widths less than or equal to 4, partly because…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Lorenz K. Müller , Philippe Bich , Jiawei Zhuang , Ahmet Çelik , Luca Benfenati , Lukas Cavigelli

Post-training, layer-wise quantization is preferable because it is free from retraining and is hardware-friendly. Nevertheless, accuracy degradation has occurred when a neural network model has a big difference of per-out-channel weight…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-08-14 Jihun Oh , SangJeong Lee , Meejeong Park , Pooni Walagaurav , Kiseok Kwon

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used across many domains, but their scale makes deployment challenging. Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) reduces memory footprint without retraining by leveraging a small calibration set. Recent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Jaemin Kim , Sungkyun Kim , Junyeol Lee , Jiwon Seo

With the growing size of large language models, the role of quantization becomes increasingly significant. However, outliers present in weights or activations notably influence the performance of quantized models. Recently,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-20 Baohao Liao , Christof Monz