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Gamma ray bursts (GRBs) are known to come in two duration classes, separated at ~2 s. Long bursts originate from star forming regions in galaxies, have accompanying supernovae (SNe) when near enough to observe and are likely caused by…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are commonly attributed to the demise of massive stars or the merger of binary compact objects. However, their varied emission characteristics strongly imply the existence of multiple GRB classes based on progenitor…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-07-12 Nishil Mehta , Shabnam Iyyani

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are among the most energetic explosive phenomena in the Universe, and their peak energy ($E_{\rm p}$) is a key physical quantity for understanding the prompt emission mechanism. However, due to the limited energy…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2026-04-08 Wan-Peng Sun , Si-Yuan Zhu , Da-Ling Ma , Fu-Wen Zhang

We present the results of a comprehensive study of the luminosity function, energetics, prompt gamma-ray correlations, and classification methodology of short-hard and long-soft GRBs (SGRBs and LGRBs), based on observational data in the…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-08-06 Amir Shahmoradi , Robert J. Nemiroff

Determining the kinds of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has been of interest to astronomers for many years. We analyzed 1599 GRBs from the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) 4Br catalogue using $t$-mixtures-model-based clustering on all…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-09-28 Souradeep Chattopadhyay , Ranjan Maitra

Gamma-ray bursts are traditionally classified as short and long bursts based on their $T_{\rm 90}$ value (the time interval during which an instrument observes $5\%$ to $95\%$ of gamma-ray/hard X-ray fluence). However, $T_{\rm 90}$ is…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-05-10 Dimple , Kuntal Misra , Ankur Ghosh , K. G. Arun , Rahul Gupta , Amit Kumar , L. Resmi , S. B. Pandey , Lallan Yadav

Classification of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has been a long-standing puzzle in high-energy astrophysics. Recent observations challenge the traditional short vs. long viewpoint, where long GRBs are thought to originate from the collapse of…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-09-02 Dimple , K. Misra , K. G. Arun

We study the high-energy properties of GRB 181123B, a short gamma-ray burst (sGRB) at redshift $z\approx$1.75. We show that, despite its nominal short duration with $T_{90}<$2 s, this burst displays evidence of a temporally extended…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2022-07-05 S. Dichiara , E. Troja , P. Beniamini , B. O'Connor , M. Moss , A. Y. Lien , R. Ricci , L. Amati , G. Ryan , T. Sakamoto

We present an analysis of early BAT and XRT data for 107 gamma--ray bursts (GRBs) observed by the Swift satellite. We use these data to examine the behaviour of the X-ray light curve and propose a classification scheme for GRBs based on…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2008-11-26 P. T. O'Brien , R. Willingale

The Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) classifies cosmological gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) into short (less than 2 s) and long (over 2 s) events, commonly attributed to mergers of compact objects and, respectively, peculiar…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-06-23 Maurice H. P. M. van Putten , Gyeong Min Lee , Massimo Della Valle , Lorenzo Amati , Amir Levinson

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are divided into two classes according to their durations. We investigate if the softness of bursts plays a role in the conventional classification of the objects. We employ the BATSE (Burst and Transient Source…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2010-10-12 Y. -P. Qin , A. C. Gupta , J. H. Fan , C. -Y. Su , R. -J. Lu

Clustering methods are an important tool to enumerate and describe the different coherent kinds of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). But their performance can be affected by a number of factors such as the choice of clustering algorithm and inherent…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2017-06-13 Souradeep Chattopadhyay , Ranjan Maitra

We have applied two different automatic classifier algorithms to the BATSE Current GRB Catalog data and we obtain three different classes of GRBs. Our results confirm the existence of a third, intermediate class of GRBs, with mean duration…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-07 Andreu Balastegui , Pilar Ruiz-Lapuente , Ramon Canal

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are intense, short-lived bursts of gamma-ray radiation observed up to a high redshift ($z \sim 10$) due to their luminosities. Thus, they can serve as cosmological tools to probe the early Universe. However, we need…

Two classes of Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), corresponding to the short/hard and the long/soft events, with a putative intermediate class, are typically considered in the observer frame. However, when considering GRB characteristics in the…

We present the results of our systematic search for extended emission components following initial short gamma-ray burst (GRB) spikes, using Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) observations. We performed the extended emission…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2013-01-17 Zahide Funda Bostanci , Yuki Kaneko , Ersin Gogus

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are traditionally classified into long (lGRBs) and short (sGRBs) durations based on their $T_{90}$, with lGRBs widely used as tracers of the cosmic star formation rate (SFR) due to their observed association with…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-09-15 Qin-Mei Li , Qi-Bin Sun , Sheng-Bang Qian , Fu-Xing Li

Traditionally, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are classified as long and short GRBs, with $T_{90} = 2$ s being the threshold duration. Generally, long-duration GRBs (LGRBs, $T_{90}>2$ s) are associated with the collapse of massive stars, and…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-10-03 Si-Yuan Zhu , Pak-Hin Thomas Tam

The three gamma-ray burst (GRB) classes identified by statistical clustering analysis (Mukherjee et al. 1998) are examined using the pattern recognition algorithm C4.5 (Quinlan 1986). Although the statistical existence of Class 3…

The recent association of several short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with early type galaxies with low star formation rate demonstrates that short bursts arise from a different progenitor mechanism than long bursts. However, since the duration…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-09-30 Jay P. Norris , Jerry T. Bonnell