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One of the most important developments in exoplanet science in the past decade is the discovery of multi-planet systems with sub-Neptune-sized planets interior to 1~AU. This chapter explores the architectures of these planetary systems,…

The solar system's dynamical state can be explained by an orbital instability among the giant planets. A recent model has proposed that the giant planet instability happened during terrestrial planet formation. This scenario has been shown…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-01-09 Matthew S. Clement , Nathan A. Kaib , Sean N. Raymond , John E. Chambers , Kevin J. Walsh

Terrestrial planets are thought to be the result of a vast number of gravitational interactions and collisions between smaller bodies. We use numerical simulations to show that practically identical initial conditions result in a wide array…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-09-05 Volker Hoffmann , Simon L. Grimm , Ben Moore , Joachim Stadel

Compact non-resonant systems of sub-Jovian planets are the most common outcome of the planet formation process. Despite exhibiting broad overall diversity, these planets also display dramatic signatures of intra-system uniformity in their…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-04-20 Max Goldberg , Konstantin Batygin

Recent studies have shown that the radii and masses of adjacent planets within a planetary system are correlated. It is unknown how this 'peas-in-a-pod' phenomenon originates, whether it is in place at birth or requires evolution, and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-04-14 Mélanie Chevance , J. M. Diederik Kruijssen , Steven N. Longmore

Instabilities and strong dynamical interactions between multiple giant planets have been proposed as a possible explanation for the surprising orbital properties of extrasolar planetary systems. In particular, dynamical instabilities seem…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Eric B. Ford , Frederic A. Rasio , Kenneth Yu

Recent works have found evidence of significant intrasystem uniformity in planet properties such as radius, mass, and orbital spacing, collectively termed 'peas in a pod' trends. In particular, correlations in radius and mass have been…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-06-06 E. Mamonova , Y. Shan , P. Hatalova , S. C. Werner

The planets within compact multi-planet systems tend to have similar sizes, masses, and orbital period ratios, like "peas in a pod". This pattern was detected when considering planets with radii between 1 and 4 $R_\oplus$. However, these…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-10-27 Sarah C. Millholland , Joshua N. Winn

Instabilities and strong dynamical interactions between several giant planets have been proposed as a possible explanation for the surprising orbital properties of extrasolar planetary systems. In particular, dynamical instabilities would…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Eric B. Ford , Marketa Havlickova , Frederic A. Rasio

The Solar System's orbital structure is thought to have been sculpted by an episode of dynamical instability among the giant planets. However, the instability trigger and timing have not been clearly established. Hydrodynamical modeling has…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-05-11 Beibei Liu , Sean N. Raymond , Seth A. Jacobson

Super-Earths within the same close-in, compact planetary system tend to exhibit a striking degree of uniformity in their radius, mass, and orbital spacing, and this 'peas-in-a-pod' phenomenon itself serves to provide one of the strongest…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-10-05 Armaan V. Goyal , Fei Dai , Songhu Wang

(abridged) Observations of exoplanets indicate the existence of several correlations in the architecture of planetary systems. Exoplanets within a system tend to be of similar size and mass, evenly spaced, and are often ordered in size and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-12-08 Lokesh Mishra , Yann Alibert , Adrien Leleu , Alexandre Emsenhuber , Christoph Mordasini , Remo Burn , Stéphane Udry , Willy Benz

This study employs numerical simulations to explore the relationship between the dynamical instability of planetary systems and the uniformity of planetary masses within the system, quantified by the Gini index. Our findings reveal a…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-11-15 Dong-Hong Wu , Sheng Jin , Jason H. Steffen

The giant impact phase of terrestrial planet formation establishes connections between super-Earths' orbital properties (semimajor axis spacings, eccentricities, mutual inclinations) and interior compositions (the presence or absence of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-05-09 Rebekah I. Dawson , Eve J. Lee , Eugene Chiang

Recent exoplanet surveys revealed that for solar-type stars, close-in Super-Earths are ubiquitous and many of them are in multi-planet systems. These systems are more compact than the Solar System's terrestrial planets. However, there have…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-01-04 Haruka Hoshino , Eiichiro Kokubo

Planets are common objects in the Universe, observationally as well as theoretically. However, the standard theory of their formation encounters many difficulties, such as dust fall and disk lifetime problems. We positively analyze them,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-08-03 Masahiro Morikawa , Suzuka Amaya

The widespread prevalence of close-in, nearly coplanar super-Earth- and sub-Neptune-sized planets in multiple-planet systems was one of the most surprising results from the Kepler mission. By studying a uniform sample of Kepler "multis"…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-11-15 Sarah Millholland , Songhu Wang , Gregory Laughlin

We show that stability of planetary systems is intimately connected with their internal order. An arbitrary initial distribution of planets is susceptible to catastrophic events in which planets either collide or are ejected from the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-05-08 Rentao Pakter , Yan Levin

Planetary systems with more than two bodies will experience orbital crossings at a time related to the initial orbital separations of the planets. After a crossing, the system enters a period of chaotic evolution ending in the reshaping of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-09-19 David R. Rice , Frederic A. Rasio , Jason H. Steffen

Studying the orbital stability of multi-planet systems is essential to understand planet formation, estimate the stable time of an observed planetary system, and advance population synthesis models. Although previous studies have primarily…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-09-01 Sheng Yang , Liangyu Wu , Zekai Zheng , Masahiro Ogihara , Kangrou Guo , Wenzhan Ouyang , Yaxing He
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