相关论文: Machine learning for discovering laws of nature

Neural Networks and Decision Trees: two popular techniques for supervised learning that are seemingly disconnected in their formulation and optimization method, have recently been combined in a single construct. The connection pivots on…

Given observations of a physical system, identifying the underlying non-linear governing equation is a fundamental task, necessary both for gaining understanding and generating deterministic future predictions. Of most practical relevance…

A hallmark of human cognition is the ability to continually acquire and distill observations of the world into meaningful, predictive theories. In this paper we present a new mechanism for logical theory acquisition which takes a set of…

Mechanized reasoning uses computers to verify proofs and to help discover new theorems. Computer scientists have applied mechanized reasoning to economic problems but -- to date -- this work has not yet been properly presented in economics…

Bio-hybrid systems---close couplings of natural organisms with technology---are high potential and still underexplored. In existing work, robots have mostly influenced group behaviors of animals. We explore the possibilities of mixing…

Today, intelligent systems that offer artificial intelligence capabilities often rely on machine learning. Machine learning describes the capacity of systems to learn from problem-specific training data to automate the process of analytical…

Many of these challenges are won by neural network models created by full-time artificial intelligence scientists. Due to this origin, they have a black-box character that makes their use and application less clear to learning scientists.…

Neural networks can be used to identify phases and phase transitions in condensed matter systems via supervised machine learning. Readily programmable through modern software libraries, we show that a standard feed-forward neural network…

Searching, filtering and analysing scientific literature are time-consuming tasks when performing a systematic literature review. With the rise of artificial intelligence, some steps in the review process are progressively being automated.…

Decision trees are popular machine learning models that are simple to build and easy to interpret. Even though algorithms to learn decision trees date back to almost 50 years, key properties affecting their generalization error are still…

The world is structured in countless ways. It may be prudent to enforce corresponding structural properties to a learning algorithm's solution, such as incorporating prior beliefs, natural constraints, or causal structures. Doing so may…

Applications of machine learning tools to problems of physical interest are often criticized for producing sensitivity at the expense of transparency. To address this concern, we explore a data planing procedure for identifying combinations…

We present that, instead of establishing the equations of motion, one can model-freely reveal the dynamical properties of a black-box system using a learning machine. Trained only by a segment of time series of a state variable recorded at…

Machine learning presents a general, systematic framework for the generation of formal theoretical models for physical description and prediction. Tentatively standard linear modeling techniques are reviewed; followed by a brief discussion…

An approach to the classification problem of machine learning, based on building local classification rules, is developed. The local rules are considered as projections of the global classification rules to the event we want to classify. A…

In order to speed-up classification models when facing a large number of categories, one usual approach consists in organizing the categories in a particular structure, this structure being then used as a way to speed-up the prediction…

Systems thinking provides us with a way to model the algorithmic fairness problem by allowing us to encode prior knowledge and assumptions about where we believe bias might exist in the data generating process. We can then encode these…

We investigate how neural networks (NNs) understand physics using 1D quantum mechanics. After training an NN to accurately predict energy eigenvalues from potentials, we used it to confirm the NN's understanding of physics from four…

Most autonomous robotic agents use logic inference to keep themselves to safe and permitted behaviour. Given a set of rules, it is important that the robot is able to establish the consistency between its rules, its perception-based…

There is a growing desire in the field of reinforcement learning (and machine learning in general) to move from black-box models toward more "interpretable AI." We improve interpretability of reinforcement learning by increasing the utility…