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Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) on domain-specific data is the dominant approach for adapting foundation models to specialized tasks. However, it has been observed that SFT models tend to forget knowledge acquired during pretraining. In vision…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Yifan Hao , Xingyuan Pan , Hanning Zhang , Chenlu Ye , Rui Pan , Tong Zhang

Parameter-efficient transfer learning (PETL) aims to adapt large pre-trained models using limited parameters. While most PETL approaches update the added parameters and freeze pre-trained weights during training, the minimal impact of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-22 Ruizi Han , Jinglei Tang

Pre-trained foundation models can be adapted for specific tasks using Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA). However, the fairness properties of these adapted classifiers remain underexplored. Existing fairness-aware fine-tuning methods rely on direct…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Parameswaran Kamalaruban , Mark Anderson , Stuart Burrell , Maeve Madigan , Piotr Skalski , David Sutton

We consider the problem of OOD generalization, where the goal is to train a model that performs well on test distributions that are different from the training distribution. Deep learning models are known to be fragile to such shifts and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-08-22 Anshul Nasery , Sravanti Addepalli , Praneeth Netrapalli , Prateek Jain

Machine learning algorithms typically assume that the training and test samples come from the same distributions, i.e., in-distribution. However, in open-world scenarios, streaming big data can be Out-Of-Distribution (OOD), rendering these…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-10 Anique Tahir , Lu Cheng , Ruocheng Guo , Huan Liu

Recent advances in alignment techniques such as Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT), Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), and Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) have improved the safety of large language models (LLMs). However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Mengxuan Hu , Vivek V. Datla , Anoop Kumar , Zihan Guan , Sheng Li , Alfy Samuel , Daben Liu

Understanding the vulnerability of large-scale pre-trained vision-language models like CLIP against adversarial attacks is key to ensuring zero-shot generalization capacity on various downstream tasks. State-of-the-art defense mechanisms…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-21 Fan Yang , Mingxuan Xia , Sangzhou Xia , Chicheng Ma , Hui Hui

Previous research has shown that the principal singular vectors of a pre-trained model's weight matrices capture critical knowledge. In contrast, those associated with small singular values may contain noise or less reliable information. As…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-02-10 Zhe Li , Man-wai Mak , Mert Pilanci , Hung-yi Lee , Helen Meng

\textit{Zero-shot} models like CLIP are often fine-tuned on a target dataset to improve its accuracy further, but this can compromise out-of-distribution (OOD) robustness. Robust Fine-Tuning (\texttt{RFT} )~\citep{wortsman2021robust}, which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-23 Alireza Abdollahpoorrostam

Large foundation models are becoming ubiquitous, but training them from scratch is prohibitively expensive. Thus, efficiently adapting these powerful models to downstream tasks is increasingly important. In this paper, we study a principled…

Over-parameterized neural network models often lead to significant performance discrepancies between training and test sets, a phenomenon known as overfitting. To address this, researchers have proposed numerous regularization techniques…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-27 RuiZhe Jiang , Haotian Lei

Detectability of failures of linear programming (LP) decoding and the potential for improvement by adding new constraints motivate the use of an adaptive approach in selecting the constraints for the underlying LP problem. In this paper, we…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2007-07-13 Mohammad H. Taghavi , Paul H. Siegel

Recent successes suggest that parameter-efficient fine-tuning of foundation models as the state-of-the-art method for transfer learning in vision, replacing the rich literature of alternatives such as meta-learning. In trying to harness the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Shengzhuang Chen , Jihoon Tack , Yunqiao Yang , Yee Whye Teh , Jonathan Richard Schwarz , Ying Wei

Full fine-tuning of large language models for alignment and task adaptation has become prohibitively expensive as models have grown in size. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods aim at significantly reducing the computational and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Jesus Rios , Pierre Dognin , Ronny Luss , Karthikeyan N. Ramamurthy

Parameter efficient fine tuning (PEFT) is a versatile and extensible approach for adapting a Large Language Model (LLM) for newer tasks. One of the most prominent PEFT approaches, Low Rank Adaptation (LoRA), primarily focuses on adjusting…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Harsh Nilesh Pathak , Randy Paffenroth

Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) have opened up greater opportunities to enable fine-tuned large language models (LLMs) to behave as more powerful interactive agents through improved instruction-following ability.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Jerry Huang , Peng Lu , Qiuhao Zeng

Recent developments in Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods for pretrained deep neural networks have captured widespread interest. In this work, we study the enhancement of current PEFT methods by incorporating the spectral…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Fangzhao Zhang , Mert Pilanci

Fine-tuning (FT) large language models (LLMs) is crucial for adapting general-purpose models to specific tasks, enhancing accuracy and relevance with minimal resources. To further enhance generalization ability while reducing training…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Sijing Xie , Dingzhu Wen , Changsheng You , Qimei Chen , Mehdi Bennis , Kaibin Huang

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a pivotal approach to adapting large language models (LLMs) for downstream tasks; however, performance often suffers from the ``seesaw phenomenon'', where indiscriminate parameter updates yield progress on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Yao Wang , Di Liang , Minlong Peng

Orthogonal parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) adapts pretrained weights through structure-preserving multiplicative transformations, but existing methods often conflate two distinct design choices: the subspace in which adaptation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Lanxin Zhao , Bamdev Mishra , Pratik Jawanpuria , Lequan Lin , Dai Shi , Junbin Gao , Andi Han