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Closed-loop control systems employ continuous sensing and actuation to maintain controlled variables within preset bounds and achieve the desired system output. Intentional disturbances in the system, such as in the case of cyberattacks,…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-06-21 Vuk Lesi , Marcio Juliato , Shabbir Ahmed , Christopher Gutierrez , Qian Wang , Manoj Sastry

The national highway traffic safety administration (NHTSA) identified cybersecurity of the automobile systems are more critical than the security of other information systems. Researchers already demonstrated remote attacks on critical…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-08-26 Riadul Islam , Maloy K. Devnath , Manar D. Samad , Syed Md Jaffrey Al Kadry

Multiple attacks have shown that in-vehicle networks have vulnerabilities which can be exploited. Securing the Controller Area Network (CAN) for modern vehicles has become a necessary task for car manufacturers. Some attacks inject…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-06-17 Irina Chiscop , András Gazdag , Joost Bosman , Gergely Biczók

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has become an essential component of smart transportation systems, enabling seamless interaction among vehicles and infrastructure. In recent years, it has played a progressively significant role in enhancing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-30 Rakib Hossain Sajib , Md. Rokon Mia , Prodip Kumar Sarker , Abdullah Al Noman , Md Arifur Rahman

Modern automotive functions are controlled by a large number of small computers called electronic control units (ECUs). These functions span from safety-critical autonomous driving to comfort and infotainment. ECUs communicate with one…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-06-27 Ivo Zenden , Han Wang , Alfonso Iacovazzi , Arash Vahidi , Rolf Blom , Shahid Raza

The large number of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) mounted on modern cars and their expansive communication capabilities create a substantial attack surface for potential exploitation. Despite the evolution of automotive technology, the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-28 Alessandro Lotto , Francesco Marchiori , Alessandro Brighente , Mauro Conti

Current In-Vehicle Networks (IVNs) connect Electronic Control Units (ECUs) via domain busses. A gateway forwards messages between these domains. Automotive Ethernet emerges as a flat, high-speed backbone technology for IVNs that carries the…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2020-12-09 Timo Häckel , Anja Schmidt , Philipp Meyer , Franz Korf , Thomas C. Schmidt

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become increasingly popular in various applications, especially with the emergence of 6G systems and networks. However, their widespread adoption has also led to concerns regarding security…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Safaa Menssouri , Mamady Delamou , Khalil Ibrahimi , El Mehdi Amhoud

Nowadays, the interconnection of automotive systems with modern digital devices offers advanced user experiences to drivers. Electronic Control Units (ECUs) carry out a multitude of operations using the insecure Controller Area Network…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-03-14 Xuhang Ying , Giuseppe Bernieri , Mauro Conti , Radha Poovendran

Cyber security is one of the most significant challenges in connected vehicular systems and connected vehicles are prone to different cybersecurity attacks that endanger passengers' safety. Cyber security in intelligent connected vehicles…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-07-18 Mahdi Dibaei , Xi Zheng , Kun Jiang , Sasa Maric , Robert Abbas , Shigang Liu , Yuexin Zhang , Yao Deng , Sheng Wen , Jun Zhang , Yang Xiang , Shui Yu

Today's vehicles are complex distributed embedded systems that are increasingly being connected to various external systems. Unfortunately, this increased connectivity makes the vehicles vulnerable to security attacks that can be…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-07-20 Vipin Kumar Kukkala , Sooryaa Vignesh Thiruloga , Sudeep Pasricha

Modern vehicles remain vulnerable to unauthorized use and theft despite traditional security measures including immobilizers and keyless entry systems. Criminals exploit vulnerabilities in Controller Area Network (CAN) bus systems to bypass…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Brooke Elizabeth Kidmose , Andreas Brasen Kidmose , Cliff C. Zou

Despite its well-known security issues, the Controller Area Network (CAN) is still the main technology for in-vehicle communications. Attackers posing as diagnostic services or accessing the CAN bus can threaten the drivers' location…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Tommaso Bianchi , Alessandro Brighente , Mauro Conti , Andrea Valori

Vehicles become more vulnerable to remote attackers in modern days due to their increasing connectivity and range of functionality. Such increased attack vectors enable adversaries to access a vehicle Electronic Control Unit (ECU). As of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-11-25 Marcel Kneib , Oleg Schell , Christopher Huth

With the benefits of Internet of Vehicles (IoV) paradigm, come along unprecedented security challenges. Among many applications of inter-connected systems, vehicular networks and smart cars are examples that are already rolled out. Smart…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-08-05 Faezeh Farivar , Mohammad Sayad Haghighi , Alireza Jolfaei , Sheng Wen

Automobiles are equipped with Electronic Control Units (ECU) that communicate via in-vehicle network protocol standards such as Controller Area Network (CAN). These protocols are designed under the assumption that separating in-vehicle…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2018-03-23 Sang Uk Sagong , Xuhang Ying , Andrew Clark , Linda Bushnell , Radha Poovendran

Current research in the automotive domain has proven the limitations of the CAN protocol from a security standpoint. Application-layer attacks, which involve the creation of malicious packets, are deemed feasible from remote but can be…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-09-21 Alvise de Faveri Tron , Stefano Longari , Michele Carminati , Mario Polino , Stefano Zanero

Modern vehicles may contain a considerable number of ECUs (Electronic Control Units) which are connected through various means of communication, with the CAN (Controller Area Network) protocol being the most widely used. However, several…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2017-11-20 Robert Buttigieg , Mario Farrugia , Clyde Meli

CANs are a broadcast protocol for real-time communication of critical vehicle subsystems. Original equipment manufacturers of passenger vehicles hold secret their mappings of CAN data to vehicle signals, and these definitions vary according…

其他计算机科学 · 计算机科学 2021-06-24 Miki E. Verma , Robert A. Bridges , Jordan J. Sosnowski , Samuel C. Hollifield , Michael D. Iannacone

Vehicle diagnostics has become essential for detecting in-vehicle errors and ensuring safety. While the Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) protocol is widely adopted for diagnostic operations, it relies on the ISO 15765-2 standard as the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Seungjin Baek , Seonghoon Jeong , Huy Kang Kim