相关论文: Rainy downdrafts in abyssal atmospheres
Observations of Jupiter's deep atmosphere by the Juno spacecraft have revealed several puzzling facts: The concentration of ammonia is variable down to pressures of tens of bars, and is strongly dependent on latitude. While most latitudes…
Observations of the flow on Jupiter exists essentially only for the cloud-level, which is dominated by strong east-west jet-streams. These have been suggested to result from dynamics in a superficial thin weather-layer, or alternatively be…
Knowing the composition of Jupiter's atmosphere is crucial for constraining Jupiter's bulk metallicity and formation history. Yet, constraining Jupiter's atmospheric water abundance is challenging due to its potential non-uniform…
Towering storms, swirling clouds, and vortices are the cloud tops manifestation of complex weather systems shaping the atmosphere of Jupiter. We use observations from Juno's MicroWave Radiometer (MWR), the Very Large Array (VLA) and the…
Context: The paradigm of convection in solar-like stars is questioned based on recent solar observations. Aims: The primary aim is to study the effects of surface-driven entropy rain on convection zone structure and flows. Methods:…
Large-scale convective flows called giant cells were once thought to transport the Sun's luminosity in the solar convection zone, but recent observations have called their existence into question. In place of large-scale flows, some authors…
The high-precision Juno gravitational measurements allow us to infer the structure of Jupiter's deep atmospheric zonal flow. Since this inference is nonunique, it is important to explore the space of possible solutions. In this paper, we…
The asymmetric gravity field measured by the Juno spacecraft allowed estimation of the depth of Jupiter's zonal jets, showing that the winds extend approximately $3000$ km beneath the cloud-level. This estimate was based on an analysis…
Jupiter's atmosphere features a variety of clouds that are formed from the interplay of chemistry and atmospheric dynamics, from the deep red color of the Great Red Spot to the high altitude white ammonia clouds present in the zones (bright…
Recent Juno observations have greatly extended the temporal and spatial coverage of lightning detection on Jupiter. We use these data to constrain a model of moist convection and lightning generation in Jupiter's atmosphere, and derive a…
Storms are emerging as key drivers in shaping hydrogen-dominated atmospheres. Trace gas condensation can suppress convection and disrupt the distribution of energy and material in hydrogen atmospheres. On Jupiter, the presence of water has…
The weather layers of the gas giant planets, Jupiter and Saturn, comprise the shallow atmospheric layers that are influenced energetically by a combination of incoming solar radiation and localised latent heating of condensates, as well as…
We discuss a simple three layer model of the tropical atmosphere. The rainfall variance of the model is dominated by a rainfall mode moving parallel to the equator having the approximate size and propagation speed of the Madden-Julian…
The vertical mixing in hot Jupiter atmospheres plays a critical role in the formation and spacial distribution of cloud particles in their atmospheres. This affects the observed spectra of a planet through cloud opacity, which can be…
Recent observations of convection in the jovian atmosphere have demonstrated that convection is strongly concentrated at specific locations on planet. For instance, observations of lightning show that the cyclonic features (e.g,. belts and…
Ultra-hot Jupiters, an extreme class of planets not found in our solar system, provide a unique window into atmospheric processes. The extreme temperature contrasts between their day- and night-sides pose a fundamental climate puzzle: how…
The vertical distribution of trace gases in planetary atmospheres can be obtained with observations of the atmosphere's thermal emission. Inverting radio observations to recover the atmospheric structure, however, is non-trivial, and the…
We derived a new formula for calculating the moist adiabatic temperature profile of an atmosphere consisting of ideal gases with multiple condensing species. This expression unifies various formulas published in the literature and can be…
Condensible substances are nearly ubiquitous in planetary atmospheres. For the most familiar case-water vapor in Earth's present climate-the condensible gas is dilute, in the sense that its concentration is everywhere small relative to the…
The effects of a non-gradient flux term originating from the motion of convective elements with entropy perturbations of either sign are investigated and incorporated into a modified version of stellar mixing length theory (MLT). Such a…