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In standard Reinforcement Learning (RL) settings, the interaction between the agent and the environment is typically modeled as a Markov Decision Process (MDP), which assumes that the agent observes the system state instantaneously, selects…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-18 John Wikman , Alexandre Proutiere , David Broman

A Markov Decision Process (MDP) is a popular model for reinforcement learning. However, its commonly used assumption of stationary dynamics and rewards is too stringent and fails to hold in adversarial, nonstationary, or multi-agent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-08-22 Tiancheng Yu , Suvrit Sra

Training reinforcement learning (RL) agents using scalar reward signals is often infeasible when an environment has sparse and non-Markovian rewards. Moreover, handcrafting these reward functions before training is prone to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-04 Alessandro Abate , Yousif Almulla , James Fox , David Hyland , Michael Wooldridge

Reinforcement learning (RL) approaches based on Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) are predominantly applied in the robot joint space, often relying on limited task-specific information and partial awareness of the 3D environment. In…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Bingkun Huang , Yuhe Gong , Zewen Yang , Tianyu Ren , Luis Figueredo

We are interested in enabling autonomous agents to learn and reason about systems with hidden states, such as locking mechanisms. We cast this problem as learning the parameters of a discrete Partially Observable Markov Decision Process…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Seiji Shaw , Travis Manderson , Chad Kessens , Nicholas Roy

In most real-world reinforcement learning applications, state information is only partially observable, which breaks the Markov decision process assumption and leads to inferior performance for algorithms that conflate observations with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 Hongming Zhang , Tongzheng Ren , Chenjun Xiao , Dale Schuurmans , Bo Dai

We present exact algorithms for identifying deterministic-actions effects and preconditions in dynamic partially observable domains. They apply when one does not know the action model(the way actions affect the world) of a domain and must…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2014-01-16 Eyal Amir , Allen Chang

This paper addresses the problem of learning control policies for mobile robots, modeled as unknown Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), that are tasked with temporal logic missions, such as sequencing, coverage, or surveillance. The MDP…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2022-07-13 Yiannis Kantaros

We consider apprenticeship learning, i.e., having an agent learn a task by observing an expert demonstrating the task in a partially observable environment when the model of the environment is uncertain. This setting is useful in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2012-07-03 Takaki Makino , Johane Takeuchi

We consider the reinforcement learning problem for partially observed Markov decision processes (POMDPs) with large or even countably infinite state spaces, where the controller has access to only noisy observations of the underlying…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-07-20 Semih Cayci , Niao He , R. Srikant

Attention control is a key cognitive ability for humans to select information relevant to the current task. This paper develops a computational model of attention and an algorithm for attention-based probabilistic planning in Markov…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2020-12-02 Haoxiang Ma , Jie Fu

General-purpose, intelligent, learning agents cycle through sequences of observations, actions, and rewards that are complex, uncertain, unknown, and non-Markovian. On the other hand, reinforcement learning is well-developed for small…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2009-12-30 Marcus Hutter

Robust Markov decision processes (r-MDPs) extend MDPs by explicitly modelling epistemic uncertainty about transition dynamics. Learning r-MDPs from interactions with an unknown environment enables the synthesis of robust policies with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-21 Yannik Schnitzer , Alessandro Abate , David Parker

In many robotic applications, some aspects of the system dynamics can be modeled accurately while others are difficult to obtain or model. We present a novel reinforcement learning (RL) method for continuous state and action spaces that…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2017-06-06 Tomoki Nishi , Prashant Doshi , Michael R. James , Danil Prokhorov

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) provide an elegant mathematical framework for modeling complex decision and planning problems in stochastic domains in which states of the system are observable only indirectly, via a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2011-06-02 M. Hauskrecht

In many practical applications, decision-making processes must balance the costs of acquiring information with the benefits it provides. Traditional control systems often assume full observability, an unrealistic assumption when…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-01-24 Taiyi Wang , Jianheng Liu , Bryan Lee , Zhihao Wu , Yu Wu

Assessing the systemic effects of uncertainty that arises from agents' partial observation of the true states of the world is critical for understanding a wide range of scenarios. Yet, previous modeling work on agent learning and…

适应与自组织系统 · 物理学 2022-04-15 Wolfram Barfuss , Richard P. Mann

The standard Markov Decision Process (MDP) formulation hinges on the assumption that an action is executed immediately after it was chosen. However, assuming it is often unrealistic and can lead to catastrophic failures in applications such…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-14 Esther Derman , Gal Dalal , Shie Mannor

A tenet of reinforcement learning is that the agent always observes rewards. However, this is not true in many realistic settings, e.g., a human observer may not always be available to provide rewards, sensors may be limited or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Alireza Kazemipour , Simone Parisi , Matthew E. Taylor , Michael Bowling

POMDPs capture a broad class of decision making problems, but hardness results suggest that learning is intractable even in simple settings due to the inherent partial observability. However, in many realistic problems, more information is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-07 Jonathan N. Lee , Alekh Agarwal , Christoph Dann , Tong Zhang