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In PU learning, a binary classifier is trained from positive (P) and unlabeled (U) data without negative (N) data. Although N data is missing, it sometimes outperforms PN learning (i.e., ordinary supervised learning). Hitherto, neither…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2016-10-31 Gang Niu , Marthinus Christoffel du Plessis , Tomoya Sakai , Yao Ma , Masashi Sugiyama

Learning binary classifiers only from positive and unlabeled (PU) data is an important and challenging task in many real-world applications, including web text classification, disease gene identification and fraud detection, where negative…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-01 Hui Chen , Fangqing Liu , Yin Wang , Liyue Zhao , Hao Wu

Learning from positive and unlabeled data is known as positive-unlabeled (PU) learning in literature and has attracted much attention in recent years. One common approach in PU learning is to sample a set of pseudo-negatives from the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-02 Zhangchi Zhu , Lu Wang , Pu Zhao , Chao Du , Wei Zhang , Hang Dong , Bo Qiao , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang

Learning from positive and unlabeled data (PU learning) is a weakly supervised variant of binary classification in which the learner receives labels only for (some) positively labeled instances, while all other examples remain unlabeled.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Farnam Mansouri , Sandra Zilles , Shai Ben-David

We argue that for analysis of Positive Unlabeled (PU) data under Selected Completely At Random (SCAR) assumption it is fruitful to view the problem as fitting of misspecified model to the data. Namely, we show that the results on…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-06-06 Mateusz Płatek , Jan Mielniczuk

Learning from positive and unlabeled data or PU learning is the setting where a learner only has access to positive examples and unlabeled data. The assumption is that the unlabeled data can contain both positive and negative examples. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-05-19 Jessa Bekker , Jesse Davis

Pretext Invariant Representation Learning (PIRL) followed by Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) has become a standard paradigm for learning with limited labels. We extend this approach to the Positive Unlabeled (PU) setting, where only a small…

In this paper, we address the problem of learning a binary (positive vs. negative) classifier given Positive and Unlabeled data commonly referred to as PU learning. Although rudimentary techniques like clustering, out-of-distribution…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-09 Omar Zamzam , Haleh Akrami , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi , Richard Leahy

We consider the problem of learning a binary classifier from only positive and unlabeled observations (called PU learning). Recent studies in PU learning have shown superior performance theoretically and empirically. However, most existing…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-02-21 Yongchan Kwon , Wonyoung Kim , Masashi Sugiyama , Myunghee Cho Paik

When dealing with binary classification of data with only one labeled class data scientists employ two main approaches, namely One-Class (OC) classification and Positive Unlabeled (PU) learning. The former only learns from labeled positive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-15 Farid Bagirov , Dmitry Ivanov , Aleksei Shpilman

Learning from positive and unlabeled (PU) data is an important problem in various applications. Most of the recent approaches for PU classification assume that the class-prior (the ratio of positive samples) in the training unlabeled…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-16 Shota Nakajima , Masashi Sugiyama

Positive-unlabeled learning refers to the process of training a binary classifier using only positive and unlabeled data. Although unlabeled data can contain positive data, all unlabeled data are regarded as negative data in existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-09 Daiki Tanaka , Daiki Ikami , Kiyoharu Aizawa

Malicious bots make up about a quarter of all traffic on the web, and degrade the performance of personalization and recommendation algorithms that operate on e-commerce sites. Positive-Unlabeled learning (PU learning) provides the ability…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-03 Sunny Dhamnani , Ritwik Sinha , Vishwa Vinay , Lilly Kumari , Margarita Savova

Most of the semi-supervised classification methods developed so far use unlabeled data for regularization purposes under particular distributional assumptions such as the cluster assumption. In contrast, recently developed methods of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-06-19 Tomoya Sakai , Marthinus Christoffel du Plessis , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

In binary classification, Learning from Positive and Unlabeled data (LePU) is semi-supervised learning but with labeled elements from only one class. Most of the research on LePU relies on some form of independence between the selection…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-03-03 Naji Shajarisales , Peter Spirtes , Kun Zhang

Positive--unlabeled (PU) learning considers two samples, a positive set P with observations from only one class and an unlabeled set U with observations from two classes. The goal is to classify observations in U. Class mixture proportion…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2020-01-13 Zhenfeng Lin , James P. Long

This paper proposes a novel pseudo-labeling method for medical image segmentation that can perform learning on ``individual images'' to select effective pseudo-labels. We introduce Positive and Unlabeled Learning (PU learning), which uses…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Takehiro Yamane , Itaru Tsuge , Susumu Saito , Ryoma Bise

In causal inference, whether through randomized controlled trials or observational studies, access to both treated and control units is essential for estimating the effect of a treatment on an outcome of interest. When treatment assignment…

Learning binary classifiers from positive and unlabeled data (PUL) is vital in many real-world applications, especially when verifying negative examples is difficult. Despite the impressive empirical performance of recent PUL methods,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Xinrui Wang , Wenhai Wan , Chuanxin Geng , Shaoyuan LI , Songcan Chen

Learning from positive and unlabeled data (PU learning) is actively researched machine learning task. The goal is to train a binary classification model based on a training dataset containing part of positives which are labeled, and…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-12-29 Wojciech Rejchel , Paweł Teisseyre , Jan Mielniczuk