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The fifth-generation wireless (5G) has already started showing its capability to achieve extremely fast data transfer, which makes itself considered to be a promising mobile technology. However, concerns have been raised on adverse health…

Installing more base stations (BSs) into the existing cellular infrastructure is an essential way to provide greater network capacity and higher data rate in the 5th-generation cellular networks (5G). However, a non-negligible amount of…

The careful planning and safe deployment of 5G technologies will bring enormous benefits to society and the economy. Higher frequency, beamforming, and small-cells are key technologies that will provide unmatched throughput and seamless…

The deployment of 5G networks is sometimes questioned due to the impact of ElectroMagnetic Field (EMF) generated by Radio Base Station (RBS) on users. The goal of this work is to analyze such issue from a novel perspective, by comparing RBS…

Wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies are increasingly being applied in fields ranging from consumer electronics and electric vehicles to space-based energy systems and medical implants. While WPT offers contactless power delivery, it…

While research on communications at frequencies above 6 gigahertz (GHz) has been primarily confined to performance improvement, their potentially harmful impacts on human health are not studied as significantly. Most of the existing studies…

This paper builds stochastic geometry frameworks for analyzing downlink electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure and efficiency in 5G multi-connectivity networks, using 5G E-UTRAN New Radio - Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) configuration as a…

With the development of fifth-generation (5G) networks, the number of user equipments (UE) increases dramatically. However, the potential health risks from electromagnetic fields (EMF) tend to be a public concern. Generally, EMF…

The introduction of 5G New Radio networks with massive MIMO technology has complicated electromagnetic field exposure assessments for radiation protection. Massive MIMO transmission enables beamforming, beam steering, and spatial…

Concern has been widely acknowledged about human health---e.g., heating of the eyes and skin--from exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) produced by wireless transmitters. Mobile telecommunications rely on an extensive network of base…

New wireless mobile technology has been released every ten years, improving previous generations' facilities. Even though 5G supports many services on demand nowadays, its higher radiation increases the queries about the safety of humans…

The emerging fifth generation (5G) and the upcoming sixth generation (6G) communication technologies introduce the use of space- and airborne networks in their architectures under the scope of non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). With this…

This paper evaluates the downlink performance of cellular networks in terms of coverage and electromagnetic field exposure (EMFE), in the framework of stochastic geometry. The model is constructed based on datasets for sub-6~GHz macro…

Radiofrequency fields are usually measured in order to be compared with electromagnetic exposure limits defined by international standardization organizations with the aim of preserving the human health. However, in the case of WiFi…

Numerous antenna design approaches for wearable applications have been investigated in the literature. As on-body wearable communications become more ingrained in our daily activities, the necessity to investigate the impacts of these…

Current radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure limits have become a critical concern for fifth-generation (5G) mobile network deployment. Regulation is not harmonized and in certain countries and regions it goes beyond the…

Understanding the spatial and temporal patterns of environmental exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) is essential for conducting risk assessments. These assessments aim to explore potential connections between RF-EMF…

International standards bodies define Electromagnetic field (EMF) emission requirements that can be translated into control of the base station actual Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP), i.e., averaged over a sliding time window. In…

The impressive growth of wireless data networks has recently led to increased attention to the issue of electromagnetic pollution. Specific absorption rates and incident power densities have become popular indicators for measuring…

The 5G New Radio NR technology is under standardization process by 3GPP to provide outline for a new radio interface for the next generation of cellular networks. The aim of the 5G networks include not only to provide enhanced capacity…