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Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) involves predicting a single label for a bag of instances, given positive or negative labels at bag-level, without accessing to label for each instance in the training phase. Since a positive bag contains…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-09-09 Beomjo Shin , Junsu Cho , Hwanjo Yu , Seungjin Choi

Oncologists often rely on a multitude of data, including whole-slide images (WSIs), to guide therapeutic decisions, aiming for the best patient outcome. However, predicting the prognosis of cancer patients can be a challenging task due to…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-04-01 M Rita Verdelho , Alexandre Bernardino , Catarina Barata

\textit{Multiple Instance Learning} (MIL) is concerned with learning from bags of instances, where only bag labels are given and instance labels are unknown. Existent approaches in this field were mainly designed for the bag-level label…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-05-30 Minlong Peng , Qi Zhang

Weakly supervised whole slide image classification is usually formulated as a multiple instance learning (MIL) problem, where each slide is treated as a bag, and the patches cut out of it are treated as instances. Existing methods either…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-14 Linhao Qu , Yingfan Ma , Xiaoyuan Luo , Manning Wang , Zhijian Song

The survival analysis on histological whole-slide images (WSIs) is one of the most important means to estimate patient prognosis. Although many weakly-supervised deep learning models have been developed for gigapixel WSIs, their potential…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-11-06 Pei Liu , Luping Ji , Feng Ye , Bo Fu

Whole Slide Image (WSI) classification has very significant applications in clinical pathology, e.g., tumor identification and cancer diagnosis. Currently, most research attention is focused on Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) using static…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-17 Jiaxiang Gou , Luping Ji , Pei Liu , Mao Ye

Accurate tumor detection in digital pathology whole-slide images (WSIs) is crucial for cancer diagnosis and treatment planning. Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has emerged as a widely used approach for weakly-supervised tumor detection…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-03-03 Marina D'Amato , Jeroen van der Laak , Francesco Ciompi

We propose a new formulation of Multiple-Instance Learning (MIL). In typical MIL settings, a unit of data is given as a set of instances called a bag and the goal is to find a good classifier of bags based on similarity from a single or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-12-11 Daiki Suehiro , Kohei Hatano , Eiji Takimoto , Shuji Yamamoto , Kenichi Bannai , Akiko Takeda

In the supervised learning setting termed Multiple-Instance Learning (MIL), the examples are bags of instances, and the bag label is a function of the labels of its instances. Typically, this function is the Boolean OR. The learner observes…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2015-03-19 Sivan Sabato , Naftali Tishby

The dynamic environment of laboratories and clinics, with streams of data arriving on a daily basis, requires regular updates of trained machine learning models for consistent performance. Continual learning is supposed to help train models…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Zahra Ebrahimi , Raheleh Salehi , Nassir Navab , Carsten Marr , Ario Sadafi

Whole-slide MIL models are often called context-aware once graphs, Transform ers, or state-space modules are placed above patch embeddings. We show that this label can be deceptive. On pathology tasks where tissue architecture is part of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Xiangyu Li , Ran Su

Vision language models (VLM) pre-trained on datasets of histopathological image-caption pairs enabled zero-shot slide-level classification. The ability of VLM image encoders to extract discriminative features also opens the door for…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Pablo Meseguer , Rocío del Amor , Valery Naranjo

Multi-instance learning (MIL) has a wide range of applications due to its distinctive characteristics. Although many state-of-the-art algorithms have achieved decent performances, a plurality of existing methods solve the problem only in…

机器学习 · 统计学 2015-12-04 Hanqiang Song , Zhuotun Zhu , Xinggang Wang

Single-cell datasets often lack individual cell labels, making it challenging to identify cells associated with disease. To address this, we introduce Mixture Modeling for Multiple Instance Learning (MMIL), an expectation maximization…

In the field of computational histopathology, both whole slide images (WSIs) and diagnostic captions provide valuable insights for making diagnostic decisions. However, aligning WSIs with diagnostic captions presents a significant…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Qifeng Zhou , Wenliang Zhong , Yuzhi Guo , Michael Xiao , Hehuan Ma , Junzhou Huang

Whole-slide images (WSIs) are an important data modality in computational pathology, yet their gigapixel resolution and lack of fine-grained annotations challenge conventional deep learning models. Multiple instance learning (MIL) offers a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-22 Qian Zeng , Yihui Wang , Shu Yang , Yingxue Xu , Fengtao Zhou , Jiabo Ma , Dejia Cai , Zhengyu Zhang , Lijuan Qu , Yu Wang , Li Liang , Hao Chen

Multiple instance learning (MIL) is a form of weakly supervised learning where training instances are arranged in sets, called bags, and a label is provided for the entire bag. This formulation is gaining interest because it naturally fits…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-05-10 Marc-André Carbonneau , Veronika Cheplygina , Eric Granger , Ghyslain Gagnon

Learning representations for individual instances when only bag-level labels are available is a fundamental challenge in multiple instance learning (MIL). Recent works have shown promising results using contrastive self-supervised learning…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-07-13 Kangning Liu , Weicheng Zhu , Yiqiu Shen , Sheng Liu , Narges Razavian , Krzysztof J. Geras , Carlos Fernandez-Granda

Breast cancer has the highest mortality among cancers in women. Computer-aided pathology to analyze microscopic histopathology images for diagnosis with an increasing number of breast cancer patients can bring the cost and delays of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-03-03 Abhijeet Patil , Dipesh Tamboli , Swati Meena , Deepak Anand , Amit Sethi

Multiple instance learning (MIL) has shown significant promise in histopathology whole slide image (WSI) analysis for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, the inherent spatial heterogeneity of WSIs presents critical challenges, as…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Junjian Li , Jin Liu , Hulin Kuang , Hailin Yue , Mengshen He , Jianxin Wang