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Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have yielded impressive performance on various tasks, yet they often depend on high-quality feedback that can be costly. Self-refinement methods attempt to leverage LLMs' internal evaluation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Hikaru Asano , Tadashi Kozuno , Yukino Baba

Partial multi-label learning and complementary multi-label learning are two popular weakly supervised multi-label classification paradigms that aim to alleviate the high annotation costs of collecting precisely annotated multi-label data.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Wei Wang , Tianhao Ma , Ming-Kun Xie , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Graph-structured datasets often suffer from class imbalance, which complicates node classification tasks. In this work, we address this issue by first providing an upper bound on population risk for imbalanced transductive node…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Mohammad T. Teimuri , Zahra Dehghanian , Gholamali Aminian , Hamid R. Rabiee

Semi-supervised learning is attracting blooming attention, due to its success in combining unlabeled data. However, pseudo-labeling-based semi-supervised approaches suffer from two problems in image classification: (1) Existing methods…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Xuerong Zhang , Li Huang , Jing Lv , Ming Yang

Since federated learning (FL) has been introduced as a decentralized learning technique with privacy preservation, statistical heterogeneity of distributed data stays the main obstacle to achieve robust performance and stable convergence in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-12-08 Yanhang Shi , Siguang Chen , Haijun Zhang

Semi-supervised learning methods are motivated by the availability of large datasets with unlabeled features in addition to labeled data. Unlabeled data is, however, not guaranteed to improve classification performance and has in fact been…

机器学习 · 统计学 2019-10-25 Xiuming Liu , Dave Zachariah , Johan Wågberg , Thomas B. Schön

Conventional multi-label classification (MLC) methods assume that all samples are fully labeled and identically distributed. Unfortunately, this assumption is unrealistic in large-scale MLC data that has long-tailed (LT) distribution and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-24 Wenqiao Zhang , Changshuo Liu , Lingze Zeng , Beng Chin Ooi , Siliang Tang , Yueting Zhuang

Existing disambiguation strategies for partial structured output learning just cannot generalize well to solve the problem that there are some candidates which can be false positive or similar to the ground-truth label. In this paper, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-09-21 Xiaolei Lu , Tommy W. S. Chow

Multi-label image recognition with partial labels (MLR-PL) is designed to train models using a mix of known and unknown labels. Traditional methods rely on semantic or feature correlations to create pseudo-labels for unidentified labels…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-01 Haoxian Ruan , Zhihua Xu , Zhijing Yang , Guang Ma , Jieming Xie , Changxiang Fan , Tianshui Chen

The recent success of large pre-trained language models (PLMs) heavily hinges on massive labeled data, which typically produces inferior performance in low-resource scenarios. To remedy this dilemma, we study self-training as one of the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-23 Jianing Wang , Qiushi Sun , Nuo Chen , Chengyu Wang , Jun Huang , Ming Gao , Xiang Li

Real-world data often contains intrinsic ambiguity that the common single-hard-label annotation paradigm ignores. Standard training using ambiguous data with these hard labels may produce overly confident models and thus leading to poor…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-09 Zeke Xie , Zheng He , Nan Lu , Lichen Bai , Bao Li , Shuo Yang , Mingming Sun , Ping Li

Learning with label proportions (LLP), which is a learning task that only provides unlabeled data in bags and each bag's label proportion, has widespread successful applications in practice. However, most of the existing LLP methods don't…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-08-20 Yanshan Xiao , HuaiPei Wang , Bo Liu

Different from the traditional supervised learning in which each training example has only one explicit label, superset label learning (SLL) refers to the problem that a training example can be associated with a set of candidate labels, and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-04-08 Chen Gong , Tongliang Liu , Yuanyan Tang , Jian Yang , Jie Yang , Dacheng Tao

Multi-label learning deals with the classification problems where each instance can be assigned with multiple labels simultaneously. Conventional multi-label learning approaches mainly focus on exploiting label correlations. It is usually…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2014-07-08 Xiangnan Kong , Zhaoming Wu , Li-Jia Li , Ruofei Zhang , Philip S. Yu , Hang Wu , Wei Fan

In partial multi-label learning (PML), the true labels are unobserved, which makes label disambiguation important but difficult. A key challenge is that ambiguous candidate labels can propagate errors into downstream tasks such as feature…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Hanlin Pan , Yuhao Tang , Wanfu Gao

State-of-the-art, high capacity deep neural networks not only require large amounts of labelled training data, they are also highly susceptible to label errors in this data, typically resulting in large efforts and costs and therefore…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-20 Christian Haase-Schütz , Rainer Stal , Heinz Hertlein , Bernhard Sick

Learning against label noise is a vital topic to guarantee a reliable performance for deep neural networks. Recent research usually refers to dynamic noise modeling with model output probabilities and loss values, and then separates clean…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-07-13 Yingsong Huang , Bing Bai , Shengwei Zhao , Kun Bai , Fei Wang

Learning from positive and unlabeled data is known as positive-unlabeled (PU) learning in literature and has attracted much attention in recent years. One common approach in PU learning is to sample a set of pseudo-negatives from the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-02 Zhangchi Zhu , Lu Wang , Pu Zhao , Chao Du , Wei Zhang , Hang Dong , Bo Qiao , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang

Diminishing the impact of false-positive labels is critical for conducting disambiguation in partial label learning. However, the existing disambiguation strategies mainly focus on exploiting the characteristics of individual partial label…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-15 Guangtai Wang , Chi-Man Vong , Jintao Huang

Recently, One-stage Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation (WSSS) with image-level labels has gained increasing interest due to simplification over its cumbersome multi-stage counterpart. Limited by the inherent ambiguity of Class…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-19 Yuanchen Wu , Xichen Ye , Kequan Yang , Jide Li , Xiaoqiang Li