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Stochastic Gradient Decent (SGD) is one of the core techniques behind the success of deep neural networks. The gradient provides information on the direction in which a function has the steepest rate of change. The main problem with basic…

In this paper we investigate the generalization error of gradient descent (GD) applied to an $\ell_2$-regularized OLS objective function in the linear model. Based on our analysis we develop new methodology for computationally tractable and…

统计理论 · 数学 2026-01-27 Thomas Stark , Lukas Steinberger

We study to what extent may stochastic gradient descent (SGD) be understood as a "conventional" learning rule that achieves generalization performance by obtaining a good fit to training data. We consider the fundamental stochastic convex…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-13 Tomer Koren , Roi Livni , Yishay Mansour , Uri Sherman

This study explores the sample complexity for two-layer neural networks to learn a generalized linear target function under Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), focusing on the challenging regime where many flat directions are present at…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-03-04 Luca Arnaboldi , Florent Krzakala , Bruno Loureiro , Ludovic Stephan

Distributed training of massive machine learning models, in particular deep neural networks, via Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is becoming commonplace. Several families of communication-reduction methods, such as quantization,…

We study population convergence guarantees of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for smooth convex objectives in the interpolation regime, where the noise at optimum is zero or near zero. The behavior of the last iterate of SGD in this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Amit Attia , Matan Schliserman , Uri Sherman , Tomer Koren

Sparsity regularized loss minimization problems play an important role in various fields including machine learning, data mining, and modern statistics. Proximal gradient descent method and coordinate descent method are the most popular…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-13 Runxue Bao , Bin Gu , Heng Huang

Gradient Descent (GD) is a powerful workhorse of modern machine learning thanks to its scalability and efficiency in high-dimensional spaces. Its ability to find local minimisers is only guaranteed for losses with Lipschitz gradients, where…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-07-27 Lei Chen , Joan Bruna

We investigate the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method where the step size lies within a banded region instead of being given by a fixed formula. The optimal convergence rate under mild conditions and large initial step size is proved.…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2023-04-10 Xiaoyu Wang , Ya-xiang Yuan

This work studies the generalization error of gradient methods. More specifically, we focus on how training steps $T$ and step-size $\eta$ might affect generalization in smooth stochastic convex optimization (SCO) problems. We first provide…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-11 Peiyuan Zhang , Jiaye Teng , Jingzhao Zhang

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a known stochastic iterative method popular for large-scale convex optimization problems due to its simple implementation and scalability. Some objectives, such as those found in complex-valued neural…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Natanael Alpay , Emeric Battaglia

Stochastic gradient methods are central to large-scale learning, yet their generalization theory typically relies on independent sampling assumptions. In many practical applications, data are generated by Markov chains and learning is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Jiahuan Wang , Ziqing Wen , Ping Luo , Dongsheng Li , Tao Sun

Recently, significant progress has been made in understanding the generalization of neural networks (NNs) trained by gradient descent (GD) using the algorithmic stability approach. However, most of the existing research has focused on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Puyu Wang , Yunwen Lei , Di Wang , Yiming Ying , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) exhibits strong algorithmic regularization effects in practice and plays an important role in the generalization of modern machine learning. However, prior research has revealed instances where the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-28 Junwei Su , Difan Zou , Chuan Wu

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) has been widely adopted in deep learning to provide rigorously defined privacy, which requires gradient clipping to bound the maximum norm of individual gradients and additive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-29 Junyi Zhu , Matthew B. Blaschko

We present a theoretical analysis of stochastic optimization methods in terms of their sensitivity with respect to the step size. We identify a key quantity that, for each method, describes how the performance degrades as the step size…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-05-27 Fabian Schaipp , Robert M. Gower , Adrien Taylor

Modern machine learning focuses on highly expressive models that are able to fit or interpolate the data completely, resulting in zero training loss. For such models, we show that the stochastic gradients of common loss functions satisfy a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-04-09 Sharan Vaswani , Francis Bach , Mark Schmidt

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a popular algorithm for optimization problems arising in high-dimensional inference tasks. Here one produces an estimator of an unknown parameter from independent samples of data by iteratively…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-06-23 Gerard Ben Arous , Reza Gheissari , Aukosh Jagannath

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is almost ubiquitously used for training non-convex optimization tasks. Recently, a hypothesis proposed by Keskar et al. [2017] that large batch methods tend to converge to sharp minimizers has received…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-12-04 Xiaowu Dai , Yuhua Zhu

Gradient Descent (GD) has been proven effective in solving various matrix factorization problems. However, its optimization behavior with large initial values remains less understood. To address this gap, this paper presents a novel…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2024-06-04 Hengchao Chen , Xin Chen , Mohamad Elmasri , Qiang Sun