相关论文: The effect of thermal non-equilibrium on kinetic n…
Recent observations suggest the presence of clouds in exoplanet atmospheres but have also shown that certain chemical species in the upper atmosphere might not be in chemical equilibrium. The goal of this work is to calculate the two main…
Unravelling the composition and characteristics of gas and dust lost by asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars is important as these stars play a vital role in the chemical life cycle of galaxies. The general hypothesis of their mass loss…
We study conditions under which carbon clusters of different sizes form and stabilize. {We describe an approach to equilibrium by simulating tenuous carbon gas dynamics to long times.} First, we use reactive molecular dynamics simulations…
Clouds form in atmospheres of brown dwarfs and planets. The cloud particle formation processes are similar to the dust formation process studied in circumstellar shells of AGB stars and in Supernovae. Cloud formation modelling in substellar…
We aim to understand the onset of cloud formation {and study the formation of} TiO$_2$-CCNs. The formation of (TiO$_2$)$_{\rm N}$ clusters as precursors to extrasolar cloud formation is modelled by two different methods in order to…
We use the kinetic theory of nucleation to explore the properties of dust nucleation in sub-saturated vapors. Due to radiation losses, the sub-critical clusters have a smaller temperature compared to their vapor. This alters the dynamical…
Nonequilibrium thermodynamics formalism is proposed to derive the flux of grainy (bubbles-containing) matter, emerging in a nucleation growth process. Some power and non-power limits, due to the applied potential as well as owing to basic…
Dust and gas energetics are incorporated into a cluster-scale simulation of star formation in order to study the effect of heating and cooling on the star formation process. We build on our previous work by calculating separately the dust…
From the first stages of star and galaxy formation, non-gravitational processes such as ram pressure stripping, SNs, galactic winds, AGNs, galaxy-galaxy mergers, etc... lead to the enrichment of the IGM in stars, metals as well as dust, via…
The formation of inorganic cloud particles takes place in several atmospheric environments including those of warm, hot, rocky and gaseous exoplanets, brown dwarfs, and AGB stars. The cloud particle formation needs to be triggered by the…
A new approach that is a combination of classical thermodynamics and macroscopic kinetics is offered for studying the nucleation kinetics in condensed binary solutions. The theory covers the separation of liquid and solid solutions…
The classical theory of grain nucleation suffers from both theoretical and predictive deficiencies. We strive to alleviate these deficiencies in our understanding of dust formation and growth by utilizing an atomistic model of nucleation.…
The size and composition distribution of an ensemble of aqueous organic droplets, evolving via nucleation and concomitant chemical aging, may be affected by the latent heat of condensation and enthalpy of heterogeneous chemical reactions,…
The non-steady-state formation of small clusters and the growth of grains accompanied by chemical reactions are formulated under the consideration that the collision of key gas species (key molecule) controls the kinetics of dust formation…
Chemical equilibrium has proven extremely useful to predict the chemical composition of AGB atmospheres. Here we use a recently developed code and an updated thermochemical database, including gaseous and condensed species involving 34…
We study the conditions for the onset of Thermal Instability in the innermost regions of compact galactic nuclei, where the properties of the interstellar environment are governed by the interplay of quasi-spherical accretion onto a…
The cloud formation process starts with the formation of seed particles, after which, surface chemical reactions grow or erode the cloud particles. We investigate which materials may form cloud condensation seeds in the gas temperature and…
Surface tension of small grains and droplets makes them stable only at a much lower temperature than in bulk. This makes spontaneous nucleation unfavorable in many cases. Kinetic approaches are delicate in that one can easily generate…
Non-equilibrium phase coexistence is commonly observed in both biological and artificial systems, yet understanding it remains a significant challenge. Unlike equilibrium systems, where free energy provides a unifying framework, the absence…
It is well appreciated that the description of overadiabatic convection affects the structure of the envelopes of luminous asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in the phase of ``hot bottom burning '' (HBB). We stress that this important…