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Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used for automated code generation, yet their apparent successes often mask a tension between pretraining objectives and alignment choices. While pretraining encourages models to exploit all available…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-12-25 Oussama Ben Sghaier , Kevin Delcourt , Houari Sahraoui

Pre-trained encoder-only and sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) models each have advantages, however training both model types from scratch is computationally expensive. We explore recipes to improve pre-training efficiency by initializing one…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-16 Saleh Soltan , Andy Rosenbaum , Tobias Falke , Qin Lu , Anna Rumshisky , Wael Hamza

In this paper, we explore the utility of translationese as synthetic data created using machine translation for pre-training language models (LMs) for low-resource languages (LRLs). Our simple methodology consists of translating large…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Meet Doshi , Raj Dabre , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Large Language Models (LLMs) are pretrained on massive datasets and later instruction-tuned via supervised fine-tuning (SFT) or reinforcement learning (RL). Best practices emphasize large, diverse pretraining data, whereas post-training…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Adel Javanmard , Baharan Mirzasoleiman , Vahab Mirrokni

Pre-trained models have been shown effective in many code intelligence tasks. These models are pre-trained on large-scale unlabeled corpus and then fine-tuned in downstream tasks. However, as the inputs to pre-training and downstream tasks…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-07-26 Chaozheng Wang , Yuanhang Yang , Cuiyun Gao , Yun Peng , Hongyu Zhang , Michael R. Lyu

Large language models (LMs) have rapidly become a mainstay in Natural Language Processing. These models are known to acquire rich linguistic knowledge from training on large amounts of text. In this paper, we investigate if pre-training on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-25 Avinash Madasu , Shashank Srivastava

Recent advances in foundation models have highlighted the significant benefits of multi-stage training, with a particular emphasis on the emergence of mid-training as a vital stage that bridges pre-training and post-training. Mid-training…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Chengying Tu , Xuemiao Zhang , Rongxiang Weng , Rumei Li , Chen Zhang , Yang Bai , Hongfei Yan , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai

Self-supervised pre-training of large-scale transformer models on text corpora followed by finetuning has achieved state-of-the-art on a number of natural language processing tasks. Recently, Lu et al. (2021, arXiv:2103.05247) claimed that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-28 Danielle Rothermel , Margaret Li , Tim Rocktäschel , Jakob Foerster

One of the long-standing goals in optimisation and constraint programming is to describe a problem in natural language and automatically obtain an executable, efficient model. Large language models appear to bring this vision closer,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Alessio Pellegrino , Jacopo Mauro

Pretrained transformer-based models have shown high performance in natural language generation task. However, a new wave of interest has surged: automatic programming language generation. This task consists of translating natural language…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success, where instruction tuning is the critical step in aligning LLMs with user intentions. In this work, we investigate how the instruction tuning adjusts pre-trained models with a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-05 Xuansheng Wu , Wenlin Yao , Jianshu Chen , Xiaoman Pan , Xiaoyang Wang , Ninghao Liu , Dong Yu

Transformer-based masked language models such as BERT, trained on general corpora, have shown impressive performance on downstream tasks. It has also been demonstrated that the downstream task performance of such models can be improved by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-04 Zhi Hong , Aswathy Ajith , Gregory Pauloski , Eamon Duede , Kyle Chard , Ian Foster

Successful methods for unsupervised neural machine translation (UNMT) employ crosslingual pretraining via self-supervision, often in the form of a masked language modeling or a sequence generation task, which requires the model to align the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-04-15 Alexandra Chronopoulou , Dario Stojanovski , Alexander Fraser

Large pretrained language models (PLMs) are often domain- or task-adapted via fine-tuning or prompting. Finetuning requires modifying all of the parameters and having enough data to avoid overfitting while prompting requires no training and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-07-11 Zejiang Hou , Julian Salazar , George Polovets

Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) encapsulate large amounts of knowledge and take enormous amounts of compute to train. We make use of this resource, together with the observation that LLMs are able to transfer knowledge and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-14 Malcolm L. Wolff , Shenghao Yang , Kari Torkkola , Michael W. Mahoney

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) serve as backbones for various real-world systems. For high-stake applications, it's equally essential to have reasonable confidence estimations in predictions. While the vanilla confidence scores of PLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-24 Yangyi Chen , Xingyao Wang , Heng Ji

Transformer-based large language models have displayed impressive in-context learning capabilities, where a pre-trained model can handle new tasks without fine-tuning by simply augmenting the query with some input-output examples from that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Hongkang Li , Meng Wang , Songtao Lu , Xiaodong Cui , Pin-Yu Chen

Transformers are the current state-of-the-art of natural language processing in many domains and are using traction within software engineering research as well. Such models are pre-trained on large amounts of data, usually from the general…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-05-16 Julian von der Mosel , Alexander Trautsch , Steffen Herbold

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Natural Language Processing by demonstrating exceptional performance across diverse tasks. This study investigates the impact of the parameter initialization scale on the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Junjie Yao , Zhongwang Zhang , Zhi-Qin John Xu

Multiple pre-training objectives fill the vacancy of the understanding capability of single-objective language modeling, which serves the ultimate purpose of pre-trained language models (PrLMs), generalizing well on a mass of scenarios.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-20 Hongqiu Wu , Ruixue Ding , Hai Zhao , Boli Chen , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Min Zhang