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We analyze the language learned by an agent trained with reinforcement learning as a component of the ActiveQA system [Buck et al., 2017]. In ActiveQA, question answering is framed as a reinforcement learning task in which an agent sits…

This work proposes a novel technique Augmented Reinforcement Learning framework for the improvement of decision-making capabilities of machine learning models. The introduction of agents as external overseers checks on model decisions. The…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Sandesh Kumar Singh

Learning representations for reinforcement learning (RL) has shown much promise for continuous control. We propose an efficient representation learning method using only a self-supervised latent-state consistency loss. Our approach employs…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Aidan Scannell , Kalle Kujanpää , Yi Zhao , Mohammadreza Nakhaei , Arno Solin , Joni Pajarinen

Effective interactive tool use requires agents to master Tool Integrated Reasoning (TIR): a complex process involving multi-turn planning and long-context dialogue management. To train agents for this dynamic process, particularly in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Weiting Tan , Xinghua Qu , Ming Tu , Meng Ge , Andy T. Liu , Philipp Koehn , Lu Lu

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated their impressive ability to provide context-aware responses via text. This ability could potentially be used to predict plausible solutions in sequential decision making tasks…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents often exhibit learning behaviors that are not intuitively interpretable by human observers, which can result in suboptimal feedback in collaborative teaching settings. Yet, how humans perceive and…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Bernhard Hilpert , Muhan Hou , Kim Baraka , Joost Broekens

We present flow Q-learning (FQL), a simple and performant offline reinforcement learning (RL) method that leverages an expressive flow-matching policy to model arbitrarily complex action distributions in data. Training a flow policy with RL…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Seohong Park , Qiyang Li , Sergey Levine

Existing synthetic tool-use corpora are primarily designed for offline supervised fine-tuning, yet reinforcement learning (RL) requires executable environments that support reward-checkable online rollouts. We propose COVERT, a two-stage…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Siyuan Xu , Shiyang Li , Xin Liu , Tianyi Liu , Yixiao Li , Zhan Shi , Zixuan Zhang , Zilong Wang , Qingyu Yin , Jianshu Chen , Tuo Zhao , Bing Yin

Prevalent theories in cognitive science propose that humans understand and represent the knowledge of the world through causal relationships. In making sense of the world, we build causal models in our mind to encode cause-effect relations…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-11-21 Prashan Madumal , Tim Miller , Liz Sonenberg , Frank Vetere

Increasing demand for algorithms that can learn quickly and efficiently has led to a surge of development within the field of artificial intelligence (AI). An important paradigm within AI is reinforcement learning (RL), where agents…

We introduce NExT-QA, a rigorously designed video question answering (VideoQA) benchmark to advance video understanding from describing to explaining the temporal actions. Based on the dataset, we set up multi-choice and open-ended QA tasks…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-05-25 Junbin Xiao , Xindi Shang , Angela Yao , Tat-Seng Chua

Reinforcement Learning agents are expected to eventually perform well. Typically, this takes the form of a guarantee about the asymptotic behavior of an algorithm given some assumptions about the environment. We present an algorithm for a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-02 Michael K. Cohen , Elliot Catt , Marcus Hutter

Building trust in reinforcement learning (RL) agents requires understanding why they make certain decisions, especially in high-stakes applications like robotics, healthcare, and finance. Existing explainability methods often focus on…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-18 Rishav Rishav , Somjit Nath , Vincent Michalski , Samira Ebrahimi Kahou

Action advising is a knowledge transfer technique for reinforcement learning based on the teacher-student paradigm. An expert teacher provides advice to a student during training in order to improve the student's sample efficiency and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-06-19 Yue Guo , Joseph Campbell , Simon Stepputtis , Ruiyu Li , Dana Hughes , Fei Fang , Katia Sycara

Interactive Imitation Learning (IIL) allows agents to acquire desired behaviors through human interventions, but current methods impose high cognitive demands on human supervisors. We propose the Adaptive Intervention Mechanism (AIM), a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Haoyuan Cai , Zhenghao Peng , Bolei Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) can extend their parameter knowledge limits by adopting the Tool-Integrated Reasoning (TIR) paradigm. However, existing LLM-based agent training framework often focuses on answers' accuracy, overlooking specific…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Yifei Chen , Guanting Dong , Zhicheng Dou

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has demonstrated substantial potential across diverse fields, yet understanding its decision-making process, especially in real-world scenarios where rationality and safety are paramount, is an ongoing challenge.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-02-21 Yu Xiong , Zhipeng Hu , Ye Huang , Runze Wu , Kai Guan , Xingchen Fang , Ji Jiang , Tianze Zhou , Yujing Hu , Haoyu Liu , Tangjie Lyu , Changjie Fan

While reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have been successfully applied to numerous tasks, their reliance on neural networks makes their behavior difficult to understand and trust. Counterfactual explanations are human-friendly…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-10-11 Jasmina Gajcin , Ivana Dusparic

Generating complex, logically-sound SPARQL queries for multi-hop questions remains a critical bottleneck for Knowledge Graph Question Answering, as the brittle nature of one-shot generation by Large Language Models (LLMs) hinders reliable…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Floris Vossebeld , Shenghui Wang

Large language models (LLMs) excel at natural language tasks but are limited by their static parametric knowledge, especially in knowledge-intensive task. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) mitigates this by integrating external…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Yi Jiang , Lei Shen , Lujie Niu , Sendong Zhao , Wenbo Su , Bo Zheng