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This paper studies a curious phenomenon in learning energy-based model (EBM) using MCMC. In each learning iteration, we generate synthesized examples by running a non-convergent, non-mixing, and non-persistent short-run MCMC toward the…

机器学习 · 统计学 2019-11-27 Erik Nijkamp , Mitch Hill , Song-Chun Zhu , Ying Nian Wu

Energy-based models (EBMs) offer a flexible framework for probabilistic modelling across various data domains. However, training EBMs on data in discrete or mixed state spaces poses significant challenges due to the lack of robust and fast…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-12-03 Tobias Schröder , Zijing Ou , Yingzhen Li , Andrew B. Duncan

Maximum likelihood (ML) learning for energy-based models (EBMs) is challenging, partly due to non-convergence of Markov chain Monte Carlo.Several variations of ML learning have been proposed, but existing methods all fail to achieve both…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-04-24 Xinwei Zhang , Zhiqiang Tan , Zhijian Ou

Energy-Based Models (EBMs) present a flexible and appealing way to represent uncertainty. Despite recent advances, training EBMs on high-dimensional data remains a challenging problem as the state-of-the-art approaches are costly, unstable,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-08 Will Grathwohl , Jacob Kelly , Milad Hashemi , Mohammad Norouzi , Kevin Swersky , David Duvenaud

This study investigates the effects of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling in unsupervised Maximum Likelihood (ML) learning. Our attention is restricted to the family of unnormalized probability densities for which the negative log…

机器学习 · 统计学 2019-12-02 Erik Nijkamp , Mitch Hill , Tian Han , Song-Chun Zhu , Ying Nian Wu

Recently there has been a lot of interest in non-autoregressive (non-AR) models for speech synthesis, such as FastSpeech 2 and diffusion models. Unlike AR models, these models do not have autoregressive dependencies among outputs which…

声音 · 计算机科学 2023-10-20 Wanli Sun , Zehai Tu , Anton Ragni

Energy-based models (EBMs) are versatile density estimation models that directly parameterize an unnormalized log density. Although very flexible, EBMs lack a specified normalization constant of the model, making the likelihood of the model…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-20 Louis Grenioux , Éric Moulines , Marylou Gabrié

Energy-Based Models (EBMs), also known as non-normalized probabilistic models, specify probability density or mass functions up to an unknown normalizing constant. Unlike most other probabilistic models, EBMs do not place a restriction on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-19 Yang Song , Diederik P. Kingma

We motivate Energy-Based Models (EBMs) as a promising model class for continual learning problems. Instead of tackling continual learning via the use of external memory, growing models, or regularization, EBMs change the underlying training…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-05 Shuang Li , Yilun Du , Gido M. van de Ven , Igor Mordatch

Energy-based models (EBM) have become increasingly popular within computer vision. EBMs bring a probabilistic approach to training deep neural networks (DNN) and have been shown to enhance performance in areas such as calibration,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-05 Jacob Piland , Christopher Sweet , Priscila Saboia , Charles Vardeman , Adam Czajka

Energy-Based Models have emerged as a powerful framework in the realm of generative modeling, offering a unique perspective that aligns closely with principles of statistical mechanics. This review aims to provide physicists with a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Davide Carbone

Energy-based models (EBMs) have experienced a resurgence within machine learning in recent years, including as a promising alternative for probabilistic regression. However, energy-based regression requires a proposal distribution to be…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-08 Fredrik K. Gustafsson , Martin Danelljan , Thomas B. Schön

Energy-based models (EBMs) are powerful probabilistic models, but suffer from intractable sampling and density evaluation due to the partition function. As a result, inference in EBMs relies on approximate sampling algorithms, leading to a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-01-10 Dieterich Lawson , George Tucker , Bo Dai , Rajesh Ranganath

Energy-based models (EBMs) are generative models inspired by statistical physics with a wide range of applications in unsupervised learning. Their performance is best measured by the cross-entropy (CE) of the model distribution relative to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-14 Davide Carbone , Mengjian Hua , Simon Coste , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

Deep energy-based models (EBMs) are very flexible in distribution parametrization but computationally challenging because of the intractable partition function. They are typically trained via maximum likelihood, using contrastive divergence…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-22 Lantao Yu , Yang Song , Jiaming Song , Stefano Ermon

Generative models have shown strong generation ability while efficient likelihood estimation is less explored. Energy-based models~(EBMs) define a flexible energy function to parameterize unnormalized densities efficiently but are notorious…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Cong Geng , Tian Han , Peng-Tao Jiang , Hao Zhang , Jinwei Chen , Søren Hauberg , Bo Li

Energy-based models (EBMs) are a simple yet powerful framework for generative modeling. They are based on a trainable energy function which defines an associated Gibbs measure, and they can be trained and sampled from via well-established…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-05-06 Carles Domingo-Enrich , Alberto Bietti , Eric Vanden-Eijnden , Joan Bruna

Energy-Based Models (EBMs) are an important class of probabilistic models, also known as random fields and undirected graphical models. EBMs are un-normalized and thus radically different from other popular self-normalized probabilistic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-19 Zhijian Ou

Model-based planning holds great promise for improving both sample efficiency and generalization in reinforcement learning (RL). We show that energy-based models (EBMs) are a promising class of models to use for model-based planning. EBMs…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-09 Yilun Du , Toru Lin , Igor Mordatch

Energy-based modeling is a promising approach to unsupervised learning, which yields many downstream applications from a single model. The main difficulty in learning energy-based models with the "contrastive approaches" is the generation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-30 Kirill Neklyudov , Priyank Jaini , Max Welling
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