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Step-by-step reasoning is widely used to enhance the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs) in complex problems. Evaluating the quality of reasoning traces is crucial for understanding and improving LLM reasoning. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Jinu Lee , Julia Hockenmaier

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) on final-answer correctness is the dominant paradigm. This approach, however, provides a coarse signal for model improvement and overlooks the quality of the underlying reasoning process. We argue…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Heejin Do , Jaehui Hwang , Dongyoon Han , Seong Joon Oh , Sangdoo Yun

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in critical applications requiring reliable reasoning, yet their internal reasoning processes remain difficult to evaluate systematically. Existing methods focus on final-answer…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Shaima Ahmad Freja , Ferhat Ozgur Catak , Betul Yurdem , Chunming Rong

Reliable mathematical and scientific reasoning remains an open challenge for large vision-language models. Standard final-answer evaluation often masks reasoning errors, allowing silent failures to persist. To address this gap, we introduce…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-15 Shima Imani , Seungwhan Moon , Lambert Mathias , Lu Zhang , Babak Damavandi

Multi-step reasoning ability is fundamental to many natural language tasks, yet it is unclear what constitutes a good reasoning chain and how to evaluate them. Most existing methods focus solely on whether the reasoning chain leads to the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-04 Archiki Prasad , Swarnadeep Saha , Xiang Zhou , Mohit Bansal

Recent advancements in the field of natural language generation have facilitated the use of large language models to assess the quality of generated text. Although these models have shown promising results in tasks such as machine…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-01-23 Terry Yue Zhuo

Evaluating whether Multimodal Large Language Models can produce trustworthy, verifiable reasoning over long, visually rich documents requires evaluation beyond end-to-end answer accuracy. We introduce DocScope, a benchmark that formulates…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Xiang Feng , Jiawei Zhou , Zhangfeng Huang , Kewei Wang , Shanshan Ye , Jinxin Hu , Zulong Chen , Yong Luo , Jing Zhang

Reliability and failure detection of large language models (LLMs) is critical for their deployment in high-stakes, multi-step reasoning tasks. Prior work explores confidence estimation for self-evaluating LLM-scorer systems, with confidence…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Vaibhav Mavi , Shubh Jaroria , Weiqi Sun

In this paper, we offer a guide for researchers on evaluating reasoning in language models, building the case that reasoning should be assessed through evidence of adaptive, multi-step search rather than final-answer accuracy alone. Under…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Munachiso Samuel Nwadike , Zangir Iklassov , Kareem Ali , Rifo Genadi , Kentaro Inui

Elaborating a series of intermediate reasoning steps significantly improves the ability of large language models (LLMs) to solve complex problems, as such steps would evoke LLMs to think sequentially. However, human sarcasm understanding is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-27 Ben Yao , Yazhou Zhang , Qiuchi Li , Jing Qin

Test-time scaling improves the reasoning performance of large language models but often results in token-inefficient overthinking, where models continue reasoning beyond what is necessary for a correct answer. Existing dynamic early-exit…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Jiakun Li , Xingwei He , Kefan Li , Hongzheng Chai , Hongyue Yu , Yuan Yuan

This paper primarily demonstrates a method to quantitatively assess the alignment between multi-step, structured reasoning in large language models and human preferences. We introduce the Alignment Score, a semantic-level metric that…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Boxuan Wang , Zhuoyun Li , Xinmiao Huang , Xiaowei Huang , Yi Dong

Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to perform better when asked to reason step-by-step before answering a question. However, it is unclear to what degree the model's final answer is faithful to the stated reasoning steps. In this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Debjit Paul , Robert West , Antoine Bosselut , Boi Faltings

Training large language models (LLMs) with synthetic reasoning data has become a popular approach to enhancing their reasoning capabilities, while a key factor influencing the effectiveness of this paradigm is the quality of the generated…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Zhuojie Yang , Wentao Wan , Keze Wang

Is it possible to train a general metric for evaluating text generation quality without human annotated ratings? Existing learned metrics either perform unsatisfactorily across text generation tasks or require human ratings for training on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-10 Wenda Xu , Xian Qian , Mingxuan Wang , Lei Li , William Yang Wang

Large language models make remarkable progress in reasoning capabilities. Existing works focus mainly on deductive reasoning tasks (e.g., code and math), while another type of reasoning mode that better aligns with human learning, inductive…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Kedi Chen , Zhikai Lei , Fan Zhang , Yinqi Zhang , Qin Chen , Jie Zhou , Liang He , Qipeng Guo , Kai Chen , Wei Zhang

Although contemporary large language models (LMs) demonstrate impressive question-answering capabilities, their answers are typically the product of a single call to the model. This entails an unwelcome degree of opacity and compromises…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-08-31 Antonia Creswell , Murray Shanahan

Process supervision enhances the performance of large language models in reasoning tasks by providing feedback at each step of chain-of-thought reasoning. However, due to the lack of effective process supervision methods, even advanced…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-15 Jiawei Li , Xinyue Liang , Junlong Zhang , Yizhe Yang , Chong Feng , Yang Gao

Human beings solve complex problems through critical thinking, where reasoning and evaluation are intertwined to converge toward correct solutions. However, most existing large language models (LLMs) treat the reasoning and verification as…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Jiaqi Xu , Cuiling Lan , Xuejin Chen , Yan Lu

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable success in mathematical reasoning. Despite progress in methods like chain-of-thought prompting and self-consistency sampling, these advances often focus on final correctness…

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