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MQTT protocol is a publish/subscribe message protocol based on TCP/IP protocol. It has the characteristics of low power consumption, scalability, openness and simplicity. HTTP protocol is an open and low-cost request/reply message protocol…

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) has become the primary transmission media due to its extremely low energy consumption, good network scope, and data transfer speed for the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart wearable devices. With the exponential…

Internet of Things (IoT) is the new industrial slogan for connecting intelligent and unintelligent devices to the web. The problem of security of data transfer, interoperability of different proposed methodologies, the ubiquity of Wi-Fi and…

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is a de-facto technology for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, promising very low energy consumption. However, this low energy consumption accounts only for the radio part, and it overlooks the energy…

Most Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices and smart sensors are connected via the Internet using IP communication driectly accessed by a server that collect sensor information periodically or event-based. Although, Internet access is widely…

The Internet of Things (IoT) has already taken off, together with many Web of Things (WoT) off-the-shelf devices, such as Philips Hue lights and platforms such as Azure IoT. These devices and platforms define their own way of describing the…

The sustainable design of Internet of Things (IoT) networks encompasses considerations related to energy efficiency and autonomy as well as considerations related to reliable communications, ensuring no energy is wasted on undelivered data.…

Internet of Things (IoT) devices communicate using a variety of protocols, differing in many aspects, with the channel access method being one of the most important. Most of the transmission technologies explicitly designed for IoT and…

Wireless energy transfer (WET) is a green enabler of low-power Internet of Things (IoT). Therein, traditional optimization schemes relying on full channel state information (CSI) are often too costly to implement due to excessive energy…

The IPv6 over Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) standard defines the transfer of IP data via BLE connections. This connection-oriented approach provides high reliability but increases packet delays and requires substantial overhead to manage BLE…

The article presents the research and comparative analysis of the bandwidth of low-power wireless IoT devices as wireless switches. The following IoT devices were investigated: Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and Raspberry Pi Zero W. The DS18B20 and…

Continuous energy monitoring is essential for identifying potential savings and predicting the energy requirements of buildings. Energy meters are often located in underground spaces that are difficult to reach with wireless technology.…

Blockchain is a technology uniquely suited to support massive number of transactions and smart contracts within the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem, thanks to the decentralized accounting mechanism. In a blockchain network, the states of…

IPv6 over Low power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) is an emerging technology to enable ubiquitous IoT services. However, there are very few studies of the performance evaluation on real hardware environments. This paper…

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is an emerging wireless technology created for short-range control and monitoring applications that is becoming increasingly widespread among the Internet of Things (IoT) services because of its low-cost and…

Internet of Things (IoT) are increasingly being adopted into practical applications such as security systems, smart infrastructure, traffic management, weather systems, among others. While the scale of these applications is enormous, device…

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is widely used in modern IoT systems because it consumes very little power, saves energy, and allows for simple device connectivity; however, maintaining security and communication reliability remains a challenge.…

Enabling large-scale energy-efficient Internet-of-things (IoT) connectivity is an essential step towards realization of networked society. While legacy wide-area wireless systems are highly dependent on network-side coordination, the level…

Energy efficiency has emerged as a defining constraint in the evolution of sustainable Internet of Things (IoT) networks. This work moves beyond simulation-based or device-centric studies to deliver measurement-driven, network-level smart…

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology, operating within the widely used 2.4 GHz ISM band, stands as a cornerstone in modern wireless communication frameworks alongside its classic Bluetooth counterpart. This paper delves into the…