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Any system which performs goal-directed continual learning must not only learn incrementally but process and absorb information incrementally. Such a system also has to understand when its goals have been achieved. In this paper, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-01-16 Samira Abnar , Tania Bedrax-weiss , Tom Kwiatkowski , William W. Cohen

Extractive reading comprehension question answering (QA) datasets are typically evaluated using Exact Match (EM) and F1-score, but these metrics often fail to fully capture model performance. With the success of large language models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-23 Xanh Ho , Jiahao Huang , Florian Boudin , Akiko Aizawa

While sophisticated neural-based techniques have been developed in reading comprehension, most approaches model the answer in an independent manner, ignoring its relations with other answer candidates. This problem can be even worse in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-05-17 Zhen Wang , Jiachen Liu , Xinyan Xiao , Yajuan Lyu , Tian Wu

This research project addresses the errors of financial numerical reasoning Question Answering (QA) tasks due to the lack of domain knowledge in finance. Despite recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), financial numerical questions…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Yukun Zhang , Stefan Elbl Droguett , Samyak Jain

This study investigates an explainable reasoning method for financial decision-making based on knowledge-enhanced large language model agents. To address the limitations of traditional financial decision methods that rely on parameterized…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-11 Qingyuan Zhang , Yuxi Wang , Cancan Hua , Yulin Huang , Ning Lyu

Question Answering (QA) research is a significant and challenging task in Natural Language Processing. QA aims to extract an exact answer from a relevant text snippet or a document. The motivation behind QA research is the need of user who…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2018-10-10 Lokesh Kumar Sharma , Namita Mittal

In open-domain question answering, dense passage retrieval has become a new paradigm to retrieve relevant passages for finding answers. Typically, the dual-encoder architecture is adopted to learn dense representations of questions and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-05-13 Yingqi Qu , Yuchen Ding , Jing Liu , Kai Liu , Ruiyang Ren , Wayne Xin Zhao , Daxiang Dong , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

Question answering (QA) is the task of answering questions posed in natural language with free-form natural language answers extracted from a given passage. In the OpenQA variant, only a question text is given, and the system must retrieve…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-21 Emrah Budur , Rıza Özçelik , Dilara Soylu , Omar Khattab , Tunga Güngör , Christopher Potts

Responding to the thousands of student questions on online QA platforms each semester has a considerable human cost, particularly in computing courses with rapidly growing enrollments. To address the challenges of scalable and intelligent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-20 Yann Hicke , Anmol Agarwal , Qianou Ma , Paul Denny

Complex question-answering (CQA) involves answering complex natural-language questions on a knowledge base (KB). However, the conventional neural program induction (NPI) approach exhibits uneven performance when the questions have different…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-11-02 Yuncheng Hua , Yuan-Fang Li , Gholamreza Haffari , Guilin Qi , Tongtong Wu

Question Answering (QA) is the task of automatically answering questions posed by humans in natural languages. There are different settings to answer a question, such as abstractive, extractive, boolean, and multiple-choice QA. As a popular…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-04-07 Zhichao Duan , Xiuxing Li , Zhengyan Zhang , Zhenyu Li , Ning Liu , Jianyong Wang

Externalized reasoning is already exploited by transformer-based agents through chain-of-thought, but structured retrieval -- indexing over one's own reasoning state -- remains underexplored. We formalize the transformer context window as…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Zachary F. Mainen

Existing open-domain question answering (QA) models are not suitable for real-time usage because they need to process several long documents on-demand for every input query. In this paper, we introduce the query-agnostic indexable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-06-17 Minjoon Seo , Jinhyuk Lee , Tom Kwiatkowski , Ankur P. Parikh , Ali Farhadi , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

In this paper, we consider the problem of machine reading task when the questions are in the form of keywords, rather than natural language. In recent years, researchers have achieved significant success on machine reading comprehension…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2017-11-02 Boyuan Pan , Hao Li , Zhou Zhao , Deng Cai , Xiaofei He

To solve difficult tasks, humans ask questions to acquire knowledge from external sources. In contrast, classical reinforcement learning agents lack such an ability and often resort to exploratory behavior. This is exacerbated as few…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-07-05 Iou-Jen Liu , Xingdi Yuan , Marc-Alexandre Côté , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer , Alexander G. Schwing

Knowledge-based visual question answering (VQA) requires answering questions with external knowledge in addition to the content of images. One dataset that is mostly used in evaluating knowledge-based VQA is OK-VQA, but it lacks a gold…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-10 Man Luo , Yankai Zeng , Pratyay Banerjee , Chitta Baral

Non-extractive commonsense QA remains a challenging AI task, as it requires systems to reason about, synthesize, and gather disparate pieces of information, in order to generate responses to queries. Recent approaches on such tasks show…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-11-01 Kaixin Ma , Jonathan Francis , Quanyang Lu , Eric Nyberg , Alessandro Oltramari

Natural language inference (NLI) requires models to learn and apply commonsense knowledge. These reasoning abilities are particularly important for explainable NLI systems that generate a natural language explanation in addition to their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-10-14 Hendrik Schuff , Hsiu-Yu Yang , Heike Adel , Ngoc Thang Vu

In open question answering (QA), the answer to a question is produced by retrieving and then analyzing documents that might contain answers to the question. Most open QA systems have considered only retrieving information from unstructured…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-02-11 Wenhu Chen , Ming-Wei Chang , Eva Schlinger , William Wang , William W. Cohen

Community Question Answering (CQA) websites can be claimed as the most major venues for knowledge sharing, and the most effective way of exchanging knowledge at present. Considering that massive amount of users are participating online and…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2018-10-29 Chaoran Huang , Lina Yao , Xianzhi Wang , Boualem Benatallah , Xiang Zhang