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A complete apparatus is defined as reacting to every state of the measured system. Standard quantum mechanics of indistinguishable particles is shown to imply that apparatuses must be incomplete or else they would be drowned out by noise.…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-06-14 Petr Hajicek

There are many applications that aim to create a complete model for an autonomously generated composition; systems are able to generate muzak songs, assist singers in transcribing songs or can imitate long-dead authors. Subjective…

声音 · 计算机科学 2022-04-12 Daniel Kvak

Nowadays, as machine-learned software quickly permeates our society, we are becoming increasingly vulnerable to programming errors in the data pre-processing or training software, as well as errors in the data itself. In this paper, we…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2020-07-22 Caterina Urban

Static analyzers based on abstract interpretation are complex pieces of software implementing delicate algorithms. Even if static analysis techniques are well understood, their implementation on real languages is still error-prone. This…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2013-05-02 Sandrine Blazy , Vincent Laporte , André Maroneze , David Pichardie

Interpretable classification models are built with the purpose of providing a comprehensible description of the decision logic to an external oversight agent. When considered in isolation, a decision tree, a set of classification rules, or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-03-18 Riccardo Guidotti , Salvatore Ruggieri

String theory has not even come close to a complete formulation after half a century of intense research. On the other hand, a number of features of the theory suggest that the theory, once completed, may be a final theory. It is argued in…

物理学史与哲学 · 物理学 2018-12-19 Richard Dawid

Symbolic execution is a program analysis technique commonly utilized to determine whether programs violate properties and, in case violations are found, to generate inputs that can trigger them. Used in the context of security properties…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2023-01-20 Ignacio Tiraboschi , Tamara Rezk , Xavier Rival

The development of mechanised language specification based on structured operational semantics, with applications to verified compilers and sound program analysis, requires huge effort. General theory and frameworks have been proposed to…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2018-11-20 Martin Bodin , Philippa Gardner , Thomas Jensen , Alan Schmitt

The aim of static analysis is to infer invariants about programs that are precise enough to establish semantic properties, such as the absence of run-time errors. Broadly speaking, there are two major branches of static analysis for…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2013-09-23 Bor-Yuh Evan Chang , Xavier Rival

To put static program analysis at the fingertips of the software developer, we propose a framework for interactive abstract interpretation. While providing sound analysis results, abstract interpretation in general can be quite costly. To…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2022-11-28 Julian Erhard , Simmo Saan , Sarah Tilscher , Michael Schwarz , Karoliine Holter , Vesal Vojdani , Helmut Seidl

Static source code analysis is a powerful tool for finding and fixing bugs when deployed properly; it is, however, all too easy to deploy it in a way that looks good superficially, but which misses important defects, shows many false…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-02-25 Flash Sheridan

This paper is motivated by the fact that verifying liveness properties under a fairness condition is often problematic, especially when abstraction is used. It shows that using a more abstract notion than truth under fairness, specifically…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2007-05-23 Ulrich Ultes-Nitsche , Pierre Wolper

In the present paper we formally define the notion of abstract program slicing, a general form of program slicing where properties of data are considered instead of their exact value. This approach is applied to a language with numeric and…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2016-05-20 Isabella Mastroeni , Damiano Zanardini

Despite many advances that enable the application of model checking techniques to the verification of large systems, the state-explosion problem remains the main challenge for scalability. Compositional verification addresses this challenge…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2013-09-23 Dimitra Giannakopoulou , Corina S. Păsăreanu

An abstract argumentation framework is a commonly used formalism to provide a static representation of a dialogue. However, the order of enunciation of the arguments in an argumentative dialogue is very important and can affect the outcome…

Dynamic languages often employ reflection primitives to turn dynamically generated text into executable code at run-time. These features make standard static analysis extremely hard if not impossible because its essential data structures,…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2017-02-09 Vincenzo Arceri , Mila Dalla Preda , Roberto Giacobazzi , Isabella Mastroeni

This paper argues that interpretability research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) is fundamentally ill-posed as existing definitions of interpretability fail to describe how interpretability can be formally tested or designed for. We posit…

We present several philosophical ideas emerging from the studies of complex systems. We make a brief introduction to the basic concepts of complex systems, for then defining "abstraction levels". These are useful for representing…

适应与自组织系统 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Carlos Gershenson

The paper aims at emphasizing that, even relaxed, the hypothesis of compositionality has to face many problems when used for interpreting natural language texts. Rather than fixing these problems within the compositional framework, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2007-05-23 Françoise Gayral , Daniel Kayser , François Lévy

Abstract argumentation offers an appealing way of representing and evaluating arguments and counterarguments. This approach can be enhanced by a probability assignment to each argument. There are various interpretations that can be ascribed…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2014-05-15 Anthony Hunter , Matthias Thimm