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Transformers, originally proposed for natural language processing (NLP) tasks, have recently achieved great success in automatic speech recognition (ASR). However, adjacent acoustic units (i.e., frames) are highly correlated, and…

In this work, we propose a new automatic speech recognition (ASR) system based on feature learning and an end-to-end training procedure for air traffic control (ATC) systems. The proposed model integrates the feature learning block,…

In this work, we present a unified model that can handle both Keyword Spotting and Word Recognition with the same network architecture. The proposed network is comprised of a non-recurrent CTC branch and a Seq2Seq branch that is further…

The recently proposed Sequence-to-Sequence (seq2seq) framework advocates replacing complex data processing pipelines, such as an entire automatic speech recognition system, with a single neural network trained in an end-to-end fashion. In…

Keyword Spotting (KWS) from speech signals is widely applied to perform fully hands-free speech recognition. The KWS network is designed as a small-footprint model so it can continuously be active. Recent efforts have explored dynamic…

For noisy environments, ensuring the robustness of keyword spotting (KWS) systems is essential. While much research has focused on noisy KWS, less attention has been paid to multi-talker mixed speech scenarios. Unlike the usual cocktail…

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in designing small-footprint yet effective Connectionist Temporal Classification based keyword spotting (CTC-KWS) systems. They are typically deployed on low-resource computing platforms,…

Transformer-based models have demonstrated their effectiveness in automatic speech recognition (ASR) tasks and even shown superior performance over the conventional hybrid framework. The main idea of Transformers is to capture the…

Keyword spotting (KWS) on mobile devices generally requires a small memory footprint. However, most current models still maintain a large number of parameters in order to ensure good performance. In this paper, we propose a temporally…

Neural sequence-to-sequence automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are in principle open vocabulary systems, when using appropriate modeling units. In practice, however, they often fail to recognize words not seen during training, e.g.,…

RNN-T-based keyword spotting (KWS) with autoregressive decoding~(AR) has gained attention due to its streaming architecture and superior performance. However, the simplicity of the prediction network in RNN-T poses an overfitting issue,…

Despite recent advances in end-to-end speech recognition methods, the output tends to be biased to the training data's vocabulary, resulting in inaccurate recognition of proper nouns and other unknown terms. To address this issue, we…

Noise robustness is a key aspect of successful speech applications. Speech enhancement (SE) has been investigated to improve automatic speech recognition accuracy; however, its effectiveness for keyword spotting (KWS) is still…

The Tsetlin Machine (TM) has recently attracted attention as a low-power alternative to neural networks due to its simple and interpretable inference mechanisms. However, its performance on speech-related tasks remains limited. This paper…

Scores from traditional confidence classifiers (CCs) in automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems lack universal interpretation and vary with updates to the underlying confidence or acoustic models (AMs). In this work, we build…

Humans are capable of processing speech by making use of multiple sensory modalities. For example, the environment where a conversation takes place generally provides semantic and/or acoustic context that helps us to resolve ambiguities or…

End-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems based on transformer architectures, such as Whisper, offer high transcription accuracy and robustness. However, their autoregressive decoding is computationally expensive, hence limiting…

Small-Footprint Keyword Spotting (SF-KWS) has gained popularity in today's landscape of smart voice-activated devices, smartphones, and Internet of Things (IoT) applications. This surge is attributed to the advancements in Deep Learning,…

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in two-pass streaming end-to-end speech recognition (ASR) that incorporates a 2nd-pass rescoring model on top of the conventional 1st-pass streaming ASR model to improve recognition accuracy…

This paper proposes a novel user-defined keyword spotting framework that accurately detects audio keywords based on text enrollment. Since audio data possesses additional acoustic information compared to text, there are discrepancies…