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The use of large pretrained neural networks to create contextualized word embeddings has drastically improved performance on several natural language processing (NLP) tasks. These computationally expensive models have begun to be applied to…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2019-12-03 Benjamin Clavié , Kobi Gal

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) is widely used for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) for various tasks. Recently, there has been an increasing demand for fine-tuning a single LLM for multiple tasks because it requires overall…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Anjir Ahmed Chowdhury , Syed Zawad , Xiaolong Ma , Xu Dong , Feng Yan

The emergence of Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) has achieved tremendous success in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) by learning universal representations on large corpora in a self-supervised manner. The pre-trained models…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-09-14 Peng Liu , Lemei Zhang , Jon Atle Gulla

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success, where instruction tuning is the critical step in aligning LLMs with user intentions. In this work, we investigate how the instruction tuning adjusts pre-trained models with a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-05 Xuansheng Wu , Wenlin Yao , Jianshu Chen , Xiaoman Pan , Xiaoyang Wang , Ninghao Liu , Dong Yu

Soft prompts have been recently proposed as a tool for adapting large frozen language models (LMs) to new tasks. In this work, we repurpose soft prompts to the task of injecting world knowledge into LMs. We introduce a method to train soft…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-11 Cicero Nogueira dos Santos , Zhe Dong , Daniel Cer , John Nham , Siamak Shakeri , Jianmo Ni , Yun-hsuan Sung

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in natural language processing (NLP). LLMs require an extreme amount of parameters to attain high performance. As models grow into the trillion-parameter range,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Zhyar Rzgar K Rostam , Sándor Szénási , Gábor Kertész

Aligning the output of Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences (e.g., by means of reinforcement learning with human feedback, or RLHF) is essential for ensuring their effectiveness in real-world scenarios. Despite significant…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-23 Pietro Bernardelle , Gianluca Demartini

Language models (LMs) are pre-trained on raw text datasets to generate text sequences token-by-token. While this approach facilitates the learning of world knowledge and reasoning, it does not explicitly optimize for linguistic competence.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Atsuki Yamaguchi , Maggie Mi , Nikolaos Aletras

Pre-trained large language models (LLM) have emerged as a powerful tool for simulating various scenarios and generating output given specific instructions and multimodal input. In this work, we analyze the specific use of LLM to enhance a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-10 Yuhang Wu , Yingfei Wang , Chu Wang , Zeyu Zheng

Recent explorations of large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs) have revealed the power of PLMs with huge amounts of parameters, setting off a wave of training ever-larger PLMs. However, it requires tremendous computational resources…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-04-27 Yujia Qin , Yankai Lin , Jing Yi , Jiajie Zhang , Xu Han , Zhengyan Zhang , Yusheng Su , Zhiyuan Liu , Peng Li , Maosong Sun , Jie Zhou

Knowledge distillation (KD) is an effective model compression method that can transfer the internal capabilities of large language models (LLMs) to smaller ones. However, the multi-modal probability distribution predicted by teacher LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-19 Tianyu Peng , Jiajun Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have recently garnered significant interest. With in-context learning, LLMs achieve impressive results in various natural language tasks. However, the application of LLMs to sentence embeddings remains an area…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-01 Ting Jiang , Shaohan Huang , Zhongzhi Luan , Deqing Wang , Fuzhen Zhuang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated outstanding performance across a range of NLP tasks, however, their computational demands hinder their deployment in real-world, resource-constrained environments. This work investigates the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-11 Joyeeta Datta , Niclas Doll , Qusai Ramadan , Zeyd Boukhers

Pre-trained language models (PrLM) have to carefully manage input units when training on a very large text with a vocabulary consisting of millions of words. Previous works have shown that incorporating span-level information over…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-16 Rongzhou Bao , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has achieved tremendous success in the field of Natural Language Processing owing to diverse training paradigms that empower LLMs to effectively capture intricate linguistic patterns and…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-07-04 Lemei Zhang , Peng Liu , Yashar Deldjoo , Yong Zheng , Jon Atle Gulla

Using responses generated by high-performing large language models (LLMs) for instruction tuning has become a widely adopted approach. However, the existing literature overlooks a property of LLM-generated responses: they conflate world…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Tatsuya Ichinose , Youmi Ma , Masanari Oi , Ryuto Koike , Naoaki Okazaki

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their remarkable capabilities across various language tasks. Inspired by the success of text-to-text translation refinement, this paper investigates how LLMs can improve…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Huaixia Dou , Xinyu Tian , Xinglin Lyu , Jie Zhu , Junhui Li , Lifan Guo

Despite the advanced intelligence abilities of large language models (LLMs) in various applications, they still face significant computational and storage demands. Knowledge Distillation (KD) has emerged as an effective strategy to improve…

In education, the capability of generating human-like text of Large Language Models (LLMs) inspired work on how they can increase the efficiency of learning and teaching. We study the affordability of these models for educators and students…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-06 Bianca Raimondi , Saverio Giallorenzo , Maurizio Gabbrielli

Recently, prompt tuning \cite{lester2021power} has gradually become a new paradigm for NLP, which only depends on the representation of the words by freezing the parameters of pre-trained language models (PLMs) to obtain remarkable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-01-31 Pan He , Yuxi Chen , Yan Wang , Yanru Zhang