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Research into methods for improving the performance of large language models (LLMs) through fine-tuning, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and soft-prompting has tended to focus on the use of highly technical or high-cost techniques,…

Transformer-based pre-trained language models have significantly improved the performance of various natural language processing (NLP) tasks in the recent years. While effective and prevalent, these models are usually prohibitively large…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-01-19 Dongkuan Xu , Ian E. H. Yen , Jinxi Zhao , Zhibin Xiao

Structured pruning is a practical approach to deploying large language models (LLMs) efficiently, as it yields compact, hardware-friendly architectures. However, the dominant local paradigm is task-agnostic: by optimizing layer-wise…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-29 Ziyan Wang , Enmao Diao , Qi Le , Pu Wang , Minwoo Lee , Shu-ping Yeh , Evgeny Stupachenko , Hao Feng , Li Yang

Given the broad capabilities of large language models, it should be possible to work towards a general-purpose, text-based assistant that is aligned with human values, meaning that it is helpful, honest, and harmless. As an initial foray in…

This paper presents a gradient-informed fine-tuning method for large language models under few-shot conditions. The goal is to enhance task adaptability and training stability when data is limited. The method builds on a base loss function…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Hongye Zheng , Yichen Wang , Ray Pan , Guiran Liu , Binrong Zhu , Hanlu Zhang

In recent years, researchers tend to pre-train ever-larger language models to explore the upper limit of deep models. However, large language model pre-training costs intensive computational resources and most of the models are trained from…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-10-15 Cheng Chen , Yichun Yin , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Yujia Qin , Fengyu Wang , Zhi Wang , Xiao Chen , Zhiyuan Liu , Qun Liu

The pruning objective has recently extended beyond accuracy and sparsity to robustness in language models. Despite this, existing methods struggle to enhance robustness against adversarial attacks when continually increasing model sparsity…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-12 Jianwei Li , Qi Lei , Wei Cheng , Dongkuan Xu

Motivation: A perennial challenge for biomedical researchers and clinical practitioners is to stay abreast with the rapid growth of publications and medical notes. Natural language processing (NLP) has emerged as a promising direction for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-12-16 Robert Tinn , Hao Cheng , Yu Gu , Naoto Usuyama , Xiaodong Liu , Tristan Naumann , Jianfeng Gao , Hoifung Poon

Larger language models have higher accuracy on average, but are they better on every single instance (datapoint)? Some work suggests larger models have higher out-of-distribution robustness, while other work suggests they have lower…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-05-14 Ruiqi Zhong , Dhruba Ghosh , Dan Klein , Jacob Steinhardt

Fine-tuning pretrained language models (PLMs) on downstream tasks has become common practice in natural language processing. However, most of the PLMs are vulnerable, e.g., they are brittle under adversarial attacks or imbalanced data,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-05-03 Shoujie Tong , Qingxiu Dong , Damai Dai , Yifan song , Tianyu Liu , Baobao Chang , Zhifang Sui

The large language models have achieved superior performance on various natural language tasks. One major drawback of such approaches is they are resource-intensive in fine-tuning new datasets. Soft-prompt tuning presents a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-30 Guoxin Chen , Yiming Qian , Bowen Wang , Liangzhi Li

We propose that small pretrained foundational generative language models with millions of parameters can be utilized as a general learning framework for sequence-based tasks. Our proposal overcomes the computational resource, skill set, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-09 Ben Fauber

Fine-tuning and inference with large Language Models (LM) are generally known to be expensive. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning over pretrained LMs reduces training memory by updating a small number of LM parameters but does not improve…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Bowen Zhao , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Qingqing Cao

Large language models (LLMs) often develop learned mechanisms specialized to specific datasets, such as reliance on domain-specific correlations, which yield high-confidence predictions without generalizable reasoning. While beneficial in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Ameen Ali , Shahar Katz , Lior Wolf , Ivan Titov

Post-training pruning is an effective approach for reducing the size and inference cost of large language models (LLMs), but existing methods often face a trade-off between pruning quality and computational efficiency. Heuristic pruning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Peiqi Yu , Jinhao Wang , Xinyi Sui , Nam Ling , Wei Wang , Wei Jiang

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have achieved great success in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks under the pre-training and fine-tuning paradigm. With large quantities of parameters, PLMs are computation-intensive and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-12-15 Runxin Xu , Fuli Luo , Chengyu Wang , Baobao Chang , Jun Huang , Songfang Huang , Fei Huang

Recent Large-Language Models (LLMs) pruning methods typically operate at the post-training phase without the expensive weight finetuning, however, their pruning criteria often rely on heuristically hand-crafted metrics, potentially leading…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-04 Yuan Gao , Zujing Liu , Weizhong Zhang , Bo Du , Gui-Song Xia

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly costly to deploy, motivating extensive research on model pruning. However, most existing studies focus on instruction-following LLMs, leaving it unclear whether established pruning strategies…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Longwei Ding , Anhao Zhao , Fanghua Ye , Ziyang Chen , Xiaoyu Shen

Model pruning is a performance optimization technique for large language models like R1 or o3-mini. However, existing pruning methods often lead to significant performance degradation or require extensive retraining and fine-tuning. This…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-21 Wei Jiang , Anying Fu , Youling Zhang

DNN pruning is a popular way to reduce the size of a model, improve the inference latency, and minimize the power consumption on DNN accelerators. However, existing approaches might be too complex, expensive or ineffective to apply to a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-21 Minsik Cho , Saurabh Adya , Devang Naik