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When entering the heliosphere, Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are influenced by magnetic turbulence and Solar wind disturbances, which cause the so-called "solar modulation" effect. Understanding the time-dependent relationship between the…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-08-06 Bruna Bertucci , Emanuele Fiandrini , Behrouz Khiali , Nicola Tomassetti

The solar modulation effect of cosmic rays in the heliosphere is an energy-, time-, and particle-dependent phenomenon which arises from a combination of basic particle transport processes such as diffusion, convection, adiabatic cooling,…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-07-31 Nicola Tomassetti , Miguel Orcinha , Fernando Barao , Bruna Bertucci

Thanks to space-borne experiments such as the AMS-02 and PAMELA missions in low-Earth orbit, along with the Voyager spacecrafts in the interstellar space, a large collection of multi-channel and time-resolved Galactic cosmic ray (GCR) data…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-08-06 Bruna Bertucci , Emanuele Fiandrini , Behrouz Khiali , Nicola Tomassetti

The solar modulation effect of Galactic cosmic rays is a time-dependent phenomenon that is caused by the transport of these particles through the magnetized plasma of the heliosphere. Using a data-driven model of cosmic-ray transport in the…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-05-22 Miguel Orcinha , Nicola Tomassetti , Fernando Barão , Bruna Bertucci

We present an analysis of the time-dependent modulation of galactic cosmic rays near Earth, with a focus on the cosmic proton flux and polar field. Using data from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) and the Wilcox Solar Observatory, we…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-04-30 Shaokun Gong , Linjing Duan , Jiawei Zhao , Xueyu Wei , Jie Feng , Zhibing Li

Understanding the time-dependent relationship between the Sun's variability and cosmic rays (GCR) is essential for developing predictive models of energetic radiation in space. When traveling inside the heliosphere, GCRs are affected by…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-03-23 N. Tomassetti , E. Fiandrini , B. Bertucci , F. Donnini , M. Graziani , B. Khiali , A. Reina Conde

The ability to predict times of greater galactic cosmic ray (GCR) fluxes is important for reducing the hazards caused by these particles to satellite communications, aviation, or astronauts. The 11-year solar cycle variation in cosmic rays…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-15 Simon R Thomas , Mathew J Owens , Mike Lockwood

Modulation of galactic cosmic ray intensity is governed by several mechanisms including diffusion, convection, adiabatic energy losses and drift. Relative roles of these factors change in the course of an 11-year solar cycle. That can…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-12-01 G. A. Bazilevskaya , M. S. Kalinin , M. B. Krainev , V. S. Makhmutov , A. K. Svirzhevskaya , N. S. Svirzhevsky

Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) inside the heliosphere are affected by magnetic turbulence and Solar wind disturbances which result in the so-called solar modulation effect. To investigate this phenomenon, we have performed a data-driven…

Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), the highly energetic particles that may raise critical health issues for astronauts in space, are modulated by solar activity with their intensity lagging behind the sunspot number (SSN) variation by about one…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-04-07 Yuming Wang , Jingnan Guo , Gang Li , Elias Roussos , Junwei Zhao

Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are affected by solar modulation while they propagate through the heliosphere. The study of the time variation of GCR spectra observed at Earth can shed light on the underlying physical processes, specifically…

空间物理 · 物理学 2023-09-18 Claudio Corti , Peter Sadowski , Nikolay Nikonov , Marius Potgieter , Veronica Bindi

We study solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) during the deep solar minimum, including the declining phase, of solar cycle 23 and compare the results of this unusual period with the results obtained during similar phases of the…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2013-12-03 O. P. M. Aslam , Badruddin

Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) have to travel through the heliosphere before they interact with the Earth's atmosphere. During this, they are deflected by the Sun's magnetic field, causing variations in this field to imprint on the flux,…

Our basic theoretical understanding of the sources of cosmic rays and their propagation through the interstellar medium is hindered by the Sun, that through the solar wind affects the observed cosmic-ray spectra. This effect is known as…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-10-12 Ilias Cholis , Ian McKinnon

When the Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) entering the heliosphere, they encounter the solar wind plasma, and their intensity is reduced, so-called solar modulation. The modulation is caused by the combination of a few factors, such as particle…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-09-07 Jieteng Jiang , Sujie Lin , Lili Yang

The 11-year and 22-year modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) in the inner heliosphere are studied using a numerical model developed by Qin and Shen in 2017. Based on the numerical solutions of Parker's transport equations, the model…

空间物理 · 物理学 2018-02-28 Z. -N. Shen , G. Qin

The observed variability of the cosmic-ray intensity in the interplanetary space is driven by the evolution of the Sun's magnetic activity over its 11-year quasiperiodical cycle. Investigating the relationship between solar activity indices…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-10-13 Nicola Tomassetti , Bruna Bertucci , Emanuele Fiandrini

We present the temporal changes of the diffusion coefficient K of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) at the Earth orbit calculated based on the experimental data using two different methods. The first approach is based on the Parker…

空间物理 · 物理学 2015-02-04 Renata Modzelewska

Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) inside the heliosphere are affected by solar modulation. To investigate this phenomenon and its underlying physical mechanisms, we have performed a data-driven analysis of the temporal dependence of the CR proton…

We argue that the degree of understanding the causes and mechanisms of the long-term variations (11-year and 22-year) in the galactic cosmic rays (GCR) characteristics is still insufficient and to improve it we need new approaches and…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-09-03 M. Krainev , J. Kóta , M. S. Potgieter
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