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Large-scale Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) process both images and text, excelling in multimodal tasks such as image captioning and description generation. However, while these models excel at generating factual content, their ability to…

Recent advances in large language models have demonstrated the promise of unsupervised reinforcement learning (RL) methods for enhancing reasoning capabilities without external supervision. However, the generalizability of these label-free…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-10 Shuvendu Roy , Hossein Hajimirsadeghi , Mengyao Zhai , Golnoosh Samei

Recent RL methods have substantially improved the reasoning abilities of LLMs. Existing reward designs mainly follow two paradigms: (1) Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) derives outcome signals from executable checks or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Sirui Chen , Lei Xu , Yuying Zhao , Yutian Chen , Yu Wang , Beier Zhu , Hanwang Zhang , Shengjie Zhao , Chaochao Lu

We pursue a vision for self-improving language models in which the model does not merely generate problems or traces to imitate, but constructs the environments that train it. In zero-data reasoning RL, this reframes self-improvement from a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Yucheng Shi , Zhenwen Liang , Kishan Panaganti , Dian Yu , Wenhao Yu , Haitao Mi

The recent rise of Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) has significantly improved multi-step reasoning performance, but often at the cost of generating excessively long reasoning chains. This paper revisits the efficiency of such reasoning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Xixian Yong , Xiao Zhou , Yingying Zhang , Jinlin Li , Yefeng Zheng , Xian Wu

The main issue with most evaluation schemes today is their "static" nature: the same problems are reused repeatedly, allowing for memorization, format exploitation, and eventual saturation. To measure genuine AI progress, we need evaluation…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Zerui Cheng , Jiashuo Liu , Chunjie Wu , Jianzhu Yao , Pramod Viswanath , Ge Zhang , Wenhao Huang

Referring expression comprehension (REF) aims at identifying a particular object in a scene by a natural language expression. It requires joint reasoning over the textual and visual domains to solve the problem. Some popular referring…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-03-03 Zhenfang Chen , Peng Wang , Lin Ma , Kwan-Yee K. Wong , Qi Wu

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards has recently advanced the capabilities of Large Language Models in complex reasoning tasks by providing explicit rule-based supervision. Among RLVR methods, GRPO and its variants have achieved…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Zepeng Zhai , Meilin Chen , Jiaxuan Zhao , Junlang Qian , Lei Shen , Yuan Lu

Visual reasoning is central to human cognition, enabling individuals to interpret and abstractly understand their environment. Although recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across language…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-17 Jing Bi , Junjia Guo , Susan Liang , Guangyu Sun , Luchuan Song , Yunlong Tang , Jinxi He , Jiarui Wu , Ali Vosoughi , Chen Chen , Chenliang Xu

Logic reasoning in natural language has been recognized as an important measure of human intelligence for Large Language Models (LLMs). Popular benchmarks may entangle multiple reasoning skills and thus provide unfaithful evaluations on the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Tsz Ting Chung , Lemao Liu , Mo Yu , Dit-Yan Yeung

Interactive medical consultation requires an agent to proactively elicit missing clinical evidence under uncertainty. Yet existing evaluations largely remain static or outcome-centric, neglecting the evidence-gathering process. In this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Zhuohan Long , Zhijie Bao , Zhongyu Wei

Learning from rationales seeks to augment model prediction accuracy using human-annotated rationales (i.e. subsets of input tokens) that justify their chosen labels, often in the form of intermediate or multitask supervision. While…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-30 Samuel Carton , Surya Kanoria , Chenhao Tan

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) demonstrate remarkable problem-solving capabilities through extended Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning but often produce excessively verbose and redundant reasoning traces. This inefficiency incurs high…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-11 Jiaxuan Gao , Shu Yan , Qixin Tan , Lu Yang , Shusheng Xu , Wei Fu , Zhiyu Mei , Kaifeng Lyu , Yi Wu

Human reasoning is shaped by resource rationality -- optimizing performance under constraints. Recently, inference-time scaling has emerged as a powerful paradigm to improve the reasoning performance of Large Language Models by expanding…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Zhimin Hu , Riya Roshan , Sashank Varma

Recent Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have achieved remarkable progress on task-specific benchmarks, yet their evaluation methods remain constrained by isolated problem-solving paradigms. Existing benchmarks predominantly assess…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-16 Zhuoshi Pan , Qizhi Pei , Yu Li , Qiyao Sun , Zinan Tang , H. Vicky Zhao , Conghui He , Lijun Wu

Image classification benchmark datasets such as CIFAR, MNIST, and ImageNet serve as critical tools for model evaluation. However, despite the cleaning efforts, these datasets still suffer from pervasive noisy labels and often contain…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-23 Zirui Pang , Haosheng Tan , Yuhan Pu , Zhijie Deng , Zhouan Shen , Keyu Hu , Jiaheng Wei

AI researchers and practitioners increasingly apply large language models (LLMs) to what we call reasoning-intensive regression (RiR), i.e., deducing subtle numerical scores from text. Unlike standard language regression tasks such as…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Diane Tchuindjo , Omar Khattab

The leaderboard of Large Language Models (LLMs) in mathematical tasks has been continuously updated. However, the majority of evaluations focus solely on the final results, neglecting the quality of the intermediate steps. This oversight…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-15 Shijie Xia , Xuefeng Li , Yixin Liu , Tongshuang Wu , Pengfei Liu

While pre-trained language models have obtained state-of-the-art performance for several natural language understanding tasks, they are quite opaque in terms of their decision-making process. While some recent works focus on rationalizing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-20 Meghana Moorthy Bhat , Alessandro Sordoni , Subhabrata Mukherjee

Natural language explanations (NLEs) are a special form of data annotation in which annotators identify rationales (most significant text tokens) when assigning labels to data instances, and write out explanations for the labels in natural…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-12-17 Xinyan Zhao , V. G. Vinod Vydiswaran