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XL-MIMO emerges as a promising technology to achieve unprecedented enhancements in spectral efficiency and spatial resolution, via orders-of-magnitude increase in the antenna array size. However, the practical issues of high hardware cost…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2025-08-29 Haiquan Lu , Hongqi Min , Yong Zeng , Shaodan Ma

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) communications correspond to systems whose antenna size is so large that conventional assumptions, such as uniform plane wave (UPW) impingement, are no longer valid. This paper…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2020-11-02 Haiquan Lu , Yong Zeng

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is expected to be an important technology in future sixth generation (6G) networks. Compared with conventional single-polarized XL-MIMO, where signals are transmitted and…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2025-02-21 Shuhao Zeng , Boya Di , Hongliang Zhang , Zhu Han , H. Vincent Poor

Future wireless systems are expected to employ extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) arrays at high carrier frequencies, where near-field propagation makes the channel depend jointly on angle and distance. The…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-05-27 Maral Safari , Italo Atzeni

The unconventionally large aperture of extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) arrays, in conjunction with the wider bandwidths in the upper-6 GHz (U6G) frequency bands, will very likely lead to non-negligible beam…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-05-12 Zhizheng Lu , Yu Han , Xiaojie Li , Shi Jin , Michail Matthaiou

In this study we derive novel optimal algorithms for joint power control and beamforming design in modern large-scale MIMO systems, such as those based on the cell-free massive MIMO and XL-MIMO concepts. In particular, motivated by the need…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2025-04-24 Lorenzo Miretti , Renato L. G. Cavalcante , Sławomir Stańczak

Near-field communications present new opportunities over near-field channels, however, the spherical wavefront propagation makes near-field signal processing challenging. In this context, this paper proposes efficient near-field channel…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2023-04-04 Songjie Yang , Chenfei Xie , Wanting Lyu , Boyu Ning , Zhongpei Zhang , Chau Yuen

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has been a critical enabling technology in 5th generation (5G) wireless networks. With the advent of 6G, a natural evolution is to employ even more antennas, potentially an order of magnitude…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-08-13 Wentao Yu , Yifan Ma , Hengtao He , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

This paper addresses the challenge of channel estimation in extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems, pivotal for the advancement of 6G communications. XL-MIMO systems, characterized by their vast antenna…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-01-22 Sunho Kim , Wan Choi

In this paper, we show that an eXtremely Large (XL) Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) wireless system with appropriate analog combining components exhibits the properties of a universal function approximator, similar to a feedforward…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-04-13 Kyriakos Stylianopoulos , George C. Alexandropoulos

The upper 6 GHz (U6G) band with XL-MIMO is a key enabler for sixth-generation wireless systems, yet intelligent radiomap prediction for such systems remains challenging. Existing datasets support only small-scale arrays (up to 8x8) with…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-03-09 Xiaojie Li , Yu Han , Zhizheng Lu , Shi Jin , Chao-Kai Wen

This paper presents a novel radio frequency (RF) beam training algorithm for sparse multiple input multiple output (MIMO) channels using unitary RF beamforming codebooks at transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx). The algorithm leverages…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2022-11-22 Krishan K. Tiwari , Eckhard Grass , John S. Thompson , Rolf Kraemer

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is crucial for satisfying the high data rate requirements of the sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks. In this context, ensuring accurate acquisition of channel state…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-05-27 Hao Lei , Jiayi Zhang , Zhe Wang , Bo Ai , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng

This paper investigates beam training for extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output systems. By considering both the near field and far field, a triple-refined hybrid-field beam training scheme is proposed, where high-accuracy…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2024-01-23 Kangjian Chen , Chenhao Qi , Octavia A. Dobre , Geoffrey Ye Li

Hybrid analog and digital beamforming transceivers are instrumental in addressing the challenge of expensive hardware and high training overheads in the next generation millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output)…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-01-04 Ahmet M. Elbir , Kumar Vijay Mishra , M. R. Bhavani Shankar , Björn Ottersten

Training sequences are designed to probe wireless channels in order to obtain channel state information for block-fading channels. Optimal training sounds the channel using orthogonal beamforming vectors to find an estimate that optimizes…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2014-04-04 Andrew J. Duly , Taejoon Kim , David J. Love , James V. Krogmeier

The spatial degrees of freedom (DoFs) greatly increase in the near-field region of millimeter wave or terahertz multiple-input multiple-output communications with extremely large antenna arrays (XL-MIMO). To employ the increased spatial…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2023-05-18 Shuaishuai Guo , Kaiqian Qu

Massive MIMO basestations, operating with frequency-division duplexing (FDD), require the users to feedback their channel state information (CSI) in order to design the precoding matrices. Given the powerful capabilities of deep neural…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2024-01-17 Yu Zhang , Ahmed Alkhateeb

The recently envisioned goal-oriented communications paradigm calls for the application of inference on wirelessly transferred data via Machine Learning (ML) tools. An emerging research direction deals with the realization of inference ML…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-04-10 Kyriakos Stylianopoulos , Mattia Fabiani , Giulia Torcolacci , Davide Dardari , George C. Alexandropoulos

This paper proposes a two-timescale transmission scheme for extremely large-scale (XL)-reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS)-aided massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems considering visibility regions (VRs). The beamforming of…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2024-07-11 Luchu Li , Kangda Zhi , Cunhua Pan