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Likelihood-based generative models are a promising resource to detect out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs which could compromise the robustness or reliability of a machine learning system. However, likelihoods derived from such models have…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-01-20 Joan Serrà , David Álvarez , Vicenç Gómez , Olga Slizovskaia , José F. Núñez , Jordi Luque

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a critical requirement for reliable autonomous driving, where safety depends on recognizing road obstacles and unexpected objects beyond the training distribution. Despite extensive research on OOD…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-12 Zizhao Li , Zhengkang Xiang , Jiayang Ao , Joseph West , Kourosh Khoshelham

Improving the reliability of deployed machine learning systems often involves developing methods to detect out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs. However, existing research often narrowly focuses on samples from classes that are absent from the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-11 Charles Guille-Escuret , Pierre-André Noël , Ioannis Mitliagkas , David Vazquez , Joao Monteiro

Deep learning systems deployed in real-world applications often encounter data that is different from their in-distribution (ID). A reliable model should ideally abstain from making decisions in this out-of-distribution (OOD) setting.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-02 Berker Demirel , Marco Fumero , Francesco Locatello

Deep generative models have been demonstrated as state-of-the-art density estimators. Yet, recent work has found that they often assign a higher likelihood to data from outside the training distribution. This seemingly paradoxical behavior…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-01-19 Jakob D. Havtorn , Jes Frellsen , Søren Hauberg , Lars Maaløe

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to detect testing samples far away from the in-distribution (ID) training data, which is crucial for the safe deployment of machine learning models in the real world. Distance-based OOD detection…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-06 Haodong Lu , Dong Gong , Shuo Wang , Jason Xue , Lina Yao , Kristen Moore

Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for the reliable deployment of machine learning models in-the-wild, enabling accurate identification of test samples that differ from the training data distribution. Existing methods rely on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-15 Ruisong Han , Zongbo Han , Jiahao Zhang , Mingyue Cheng , Changqing Zhang

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for reliable and trustworthy machine learning. Recent multi-modal OOD detection leverages textual information from in-distribution (ID) class names for visual OOD detection, yet it currently…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-13 Yi Dai , Hao Lang , Kaisheng Zeng , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

Despite rapid advances in AI, safety remains the main bottleneck to deploying machine-learning systems. A critical safety component is out-of-distribution detection: given an input, decide whether it comes from the same distribution as the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-06 Joonas Järve , Karl Kaspar Haavel , Meelis Kull

An issue concerning the use of deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents is whether they can be trusted to perform reliably when deployed, as training environments may not reflect real-life environments. Anticipating instances outside their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Mohit Prashant , Arvind Easwaran , Suman Das , Michael Yuhas

Robustness to out-of-distribution (OOD) data is an important goal in building reliable machine learning systems. Especially in autonomous systems, wrong predictions for OOD inputs can cause safety critical situations. As a first step…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-17 Andreas Sedlmeier , Thomas Gabor , Thomy Phan , Lenz Belzner , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien

Aligning generative diffusion models with human preferences via reinforcement learning (RL) is critical yet challenging. Most existing algorithms are often vulnerable to reward hacking, such as quality degradation, over-stylization, or…

Detecting Out-of-Distribution (OOD) sensory data and covariate distribution shift aims to identify new test examples with different high-level image statistics to the captured, normal and In-Distribution (ID) set. Existing OOD detection…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Christiaan Viviers , Amaan Valiuddin , Francisco Caetano , Lemar Abdi , Lena Filatova , Peter de With , Fons van der Sommen

Deep neural networks achieve superior performance in challenging tasks such as image classification. However, deep classifiers tend to incorrectly classify out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs, which are inputs that do not belong to the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-24 Vahdat Abdelzad , Krzysztof Czarnecki , Rick Salay , Taylor Denounden , Sachin Vernekar , Buu Phan

Deploying reinforcement learning (RL) policies in real-world involves significant challenges, including distribution shifts, safety concerns, and the impracticality of direct interactions during policy refinement. Existing methods, such as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-09 Mohamad H. Danesh , Maxime Wabartha , Stanley Wu , Joelle Pineau , Hsiu-Chin Lin

Likelihood from a generative model is a natural statistic for detecting out-of-distribution (OoD) samples. However, generative models have been shown to assign higher likelihood to OoD samples compared to ones from the training…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-22 Jiaming Song , Yang Song , Stefano Ermon

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial when deploying deep neural networks in the real world to ensure the reliability and safety of their applications. One main challenge in OOD detection is that neural network models often produce…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Jinlun Ye , Zhuohao Sun , Yiqiao Qiu , Qiu Li , Zhijun Tan , Ruixuan Wang

Numerous machine learning (ML) models have been developed, including those for software engineering (SE) tasks, under the assumption that training and testing data come from the same distribution. However, training and testing distributions…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Yanfu Yan , Viet Duong , Huajie Shao , Denys Poshyvanyk

Modern manufacturing relies heavily on fusion welding processes, including gas metal arc welding (GMAW). Despite significant advances in machine learning-based quality prediction, current models exhibit critical limitations when confronted…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-18 Yannik Hahn , Jan Voets , Antonin Koenigsfeld , Hasan Tercan , Tobias Meisen

Deep neural networks (DNNs), especially convolutional neural networks, have achieved superior performance on image classification tasks. However, such performance is only guaranteed if the input to a trained model is similar to the training…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-01-28 Liang Liang , Linhai Ma , Linchen Qian , Jiasong Chen