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We investigate the global seasonal variations of near-surface relative humidity and relevant attributes, like temperature and water vapor volume mixing ratio on Mars using calculations from modelled and measurement data. We focus on 2 am…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-07-24 B. Pál , Á. Kereszturi , F. Forget , M. D. Smith

Studies of vertical and interhemispheric coupling during Sudden Stratospheric Warmings (SSWs) suggest that gravity wave (GW) momentum flux divergence plays a key role in forcing the middle atmosphere, although observational validation of GW…

空间物理 · 物理学 2016-07-05 R. J. deWit , R. E. Hibbins , P. J. Espy , Y. J. Orsolini , V. Limpasuvan , D. E. Kinnison

This study investigates the gravitational waves (GWs) generated by the emergence of magnetic flux tubes in the solar convection zone. We focus on the upward buoyancy of magnetic flux tubes, which leads to significant magnetic activity and…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-10-17 Siqi Guan , Shangbin Yang , Xiao Guo

The impact of a rarest solar wind phenomenon [disappearing solar wind (DSW) event during 26-28 December 2022] on the Martian nightside ionosphere is investigated, for the first time, using MAVEN datasets. During an extremely low solar wind…

空间物理 · 物理学 2024-04-12 L. Ram , D. Rout , S. Sarkhel

The absence of global magnetic fields is often cited to explain why Mars lacks a dense atmosphere. This line of thought is based on a prevailing theory that magnetic fields can shield the atmosphere from solar wind erosion. However, we…

Atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) are buoyancy-driven waves excited by turbulent convection and contribute to the dynamics and energy transport of the lower solar atmosphere. We present high-resolution, multi-wavelength observations from the…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-09-25 Oana Vesa , Julio Morales , Jason Jackiewicz , Gangadharan Vigeesh , Kevin Reardon

Since the first \emph{in-situ} measurements of the altitude profile of upper atmospheric density and composition carried out by the Viking lander missions during 1976, similar data were continuously gathered by MAVEN and MOM spacecraft…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-03-03 Kamsali Nagaraja , Praveen Kumar Basuvaraj , S. C. Chakravarty , K. Praveen Kumar

Variability monitoring provides an unparalleled insight into the atmospheric processes of brown dwarfs and directly imaged exo-planets. Inhomogeneous clouds, aurorae and magnetic spots have all been postulated as potential drivers of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-03-27 C. O'Toole , J. M. Vos , E. N. Nasedkin , J. S. Pineda , M. M Kao , Y. Zhou , M. Schrader , A. M. McCarthy

The Martian upper atmosphere is known to vary diurnally and seasonally due to changing amounts of solar radiation. However, in the upper thermosphere and exosphere, the neutrals are also subject to ion precipitation. This can increase the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-01-01 H. N. Williamson , M. K. Elrod , S. M. Curry , R. E. Johnson

We study the dynamical and thermal roles of internal gravity waves generated in the troposphere and above using the Coupled Middle Atmosphere Thermosphere-2 General Circulation Model. This model incorporates the whole atmosphere nonlinear…

First estimations of Gravity Wave Potential Energy (GWPE) for the Martian thermosphere are reported herein using the height profile of CO2 density derived temperature fluctuations for different Martian seasons during the 33rd Martian year.…

空间物理 · 物理学 2021-08-18 G Manju , Mridula N

Sub-stellar objects exhibit photometric variability, which is believed to be caused by a number of processes, such as magnetically-driven spots or inhomogeneous cloud coverage. Recent models have shown that turbulent flows and waves,…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-06-04 Amy Parent , Ruth E. Falconer , Elspeth K. H. Lee , Karen A. Meyer , Craig R. Stark

Observations show that the lower thermosphere of Mars ($\sim$100--140 km) is up to 40 K colder than the current general circulation models (GCMs) can reproduce. Possible candidates for physical processes missing in the models are larger…

We present a statistical analysis on the variability of the incompressible energy cascade rate in the solar wind around Mars, making use of an exact relation for fully developed turbulence and more than five years of Mars Atmosphere and…

空间物理 · 物理学 2022-04-27 Norberto Romanelli , Nahuel Andres , Gina DiBraccio

Aphelion Thermospheric Polar Warming (TPW), first identified in 2024 by Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) observations, is a dynamical heating phenomenon in the Martian atmosphere that exists in the winter hemisphere near the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-04-28 Jia-Zheng Li , Stephen W. Bougher , Cheng Li , Erdal Yigit

Gravity waves (GWs) are a fundamental driver of circulation, tracer transport, and mixing in the middle and upper atmosphere, but their treatment in global circulation models remains incomplete. In particular, standard parameterizations…

A new physical hypothesis predicts that a weak coupling of the orbital and rotational motions of extended bodies may give rise to a modulation of circulatory flows within their atmospheres. Driven cycles of intensification and relaxation of…

大气与海洋物理 · 物理学 2017-04-05 James H. Shirley , Michael A. Mischna

Atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) are low-frequency, buoyancy-driven waves that are generated by turbulent convection and propagate obliquely throughout the solar atmosphere. Their proposed energy contribution to the lower solar atmosphere…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-07-20 Oana Vesa , Jason Jackiewicz , Kevin Reardon

Airborne dust is the main climatic agent in the Martian environment. Local dust storms play a key role in the dust cycle; yet their life cycle is poorly known. Here we use mesoscale modeling that includes the transport of radiatively active…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2013-05-21 Aymeric Spiga , Julien Faure , Jean-Baptiste Madeleine , Anni Määttänen , François Forget

Atmospheric gravity waves (GWs) are generated in the lower atmosphere by various weather phenomena. They propagate upward, carry energy and momentum to higher altitudes, and appreciably influence the general circulation upon depositing them…

空间物理 · 物理学 2020-12-29 Erdal Yiğit , Alexander S. Medvedev , Manfred Ern