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We propose a novel mechanism of primordial black hole (PBH) formation through inverted bubble collapse. In this scenario, bubbles nucleate sparsely in an incomplete first-order phase transition, such that they remain isolated and do not…
Geometric phases provide a unified framework for understanding diverse phenomena in quantum and classical physics. The Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) geometric phase, arising from variation of optical transverse polarization, has transformed light…
We report the realization of a Pancharatnam-Berry phase optical element [Z. Bomzon, G. Biener, V. Kleiner, and E. Hasman, Opt. Lett. \textbf{27}, 1141 (2002)] for wavefront shaping working in the visible spectral domain, based on patterned…
Originally introduced in optics, the Pancharatnam-Berry phase is a general concept of geometric phase defined for any two interfering polarization states. In electronic systems, however, its counterpart has long been overlooked due to the…
We apply the Pancharatnam-Berry phase approach to plasmonic metasurfaces loaded by highly nonlinear multi-quantum well substrates, establishing a platform to control the nonlinear wavefront at will based on giant localized nonlinear…
The fundamental polarization singularities of monochromatic light are normally associated with invariance under coordinated rotations: symmetry operations that rotate the spatial dependence of an electromagnetic field by an angle $\theta$…
An optics-free method is proposed to generate X-ray radiation with spatially variant states of polarization via an afterburner extension to a Free Electron Laser (FEL). Control of the polarization in the transverse plane is obtained through…
We propose a mechanism that forms primordial black holes (PBHs) via a first-order electroweak phase transition (FOEWPT). The FOEWPT is realized by extending the Standard Model with a real singlet scalar, while the PBH formation is achieved…
We propose a method for generating hollow beams using higher-order cylindrical vector modes of the form R-TEMpl, where the radial index p is varied from 1 to 3 while the azimuthal index is fixed at l = 1. It is found that this scheme…
Detecting Pancharatnam-Berry geometric phases of light typically requires interferometry or diffraction through a specially truncated aperture. Here, we introduce a simpler method that allows direct and fully visual detection of geometric…
Since its introduction by Sir Michael Berry in 1984, geometric phase became of fundamental importance in physics, with applications ranging from solid state physics to optics. In optics, Pancharatnam-Berry phase allows the tailoring of…
We use the quantum kinematic approach to revisit geometric phases associated with polarizing processes of a monochromatic light wave. We give the expressions of geometric phases for any, unitary or non-unitary, cyclic or non-cyclic…
We introduce a method for shaping a cold atom cloud using a vortex laser beam with a polarization singularity at its center, which creates a point of vanishing intensity. Exploiting this feature we experimentally demonstrate two different…
We present recent findings towards developing brighter entangled photon sources in critically phase matched (CPM) nonlinear crystals. Specifically, we use type-I collinear phase matching at non-degenerate wavelengths in parallel…
Recent reports on the intriguing features of vector vortex bearing beams are analyzed using geometric phases in optics. It is argued that the spin redirection phase induced circular birefringence is the origin of topological phase…
We demonstrate a technique that generates frequency-entangled photon pairs with high polarization definition by using a single-period nonlinear crystal and single pass configuration. The technique is based on the simultaneous occurrence of…
Second harmonic generation is a powerful tool directly connected to the symmetry of materials. Phase transitions, lattice rotations or electromagnetic coupling in multiferroic compounds can be revealed by using second harmonic…
We propose a novel method to generate vector beams in planar photonic crystal cavities with multiple missing-hole defects. Simulating the resonant modes in the cavities, we observe that the optical fields in each defect have different phase…
We theoretically and numerically investigate the properties of waveguides based on the Pancharatnam-Berry phase, obtained by a longitudinally periodic rotation of the optic axis in a transversely-twisted birefringent medium. In this paper…
Perfect vortex beams are the orbital angular momentum (OAM)-carrying beams with fixed annular intensities, which provide a better source of OAM than traditional Laguerre- Gaussian beams. However, ordinary schemes to obtain the perfect…