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Overparameterized ML models, including neural networks, typically induce underdetermined training objectives with multiple global minima. The implicit bias refers to the limiting global minimum that is attained by a common optimization…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-03-06 Kuo-Wei Lai , Guanghui Wang , Molei Tao , Vidya Muthukumar

We study the task of agnostically learning halfspaces under the Gaussian distribution. Specifically, given labeled examples $(\mathbf{x},y)$ from an unknown distribution on $\mathbb{R}^n \times \{ \pm 1\}$, whose marginal distribution on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-14 Ilias Diakonikolas , Daniel M. Kane , Lisheng Ren

Neural networks trained to minimize the logistic (a.k.a. cross-entropy) loss with gradient-based methods are observed to perform well in many supervised classification tasks. Towards understanding this phenomenon, we analyze the training…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2020-06-23 Lenaic Chizat , Francis Bach

Gradient descent (GD) type optimization schemes are the standard methods to train artificial neural networks (ANNs) with rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation. Such schemes can be considered as discretizations of gradient flows (GFs)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-09-27 Arnulf Jentzen , Adrian Riekert

We revisit the problem of learning a single neuron with ReLU activation under Gaussian input with square loss. We particularly focus on the over-parameterization setting where the student network has $n\ge 2$ neurons. We prove the global…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-11 Weihang Xu , Simon S. Du

We prove that two-layer (Leaky)ReLU networks initialized by e.g. the widely used method proposed by He et al. (2015) and trained using gradient descent on a least-squares loss are not universally consistent. Specifically, we describe a…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-06-10 David Holzmüller , Ingo Steinwart

In this paper, we study the implicit regularization of the gradient descent algorithm in homogeneous neural networks, including fully-connected and convolutional neural networks with ReLU or LeakyReLU activations. In particular, we study…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-01-01 Kaifeng Lyu , Jian Li

We present polynomial time and sample efficient algorithms for learning an unknown depth-2 feedforward neural network with general ReLU activations, under mild non-degeneracy assumptions. In particular, we consider learning an unknown…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-08-03 Pranjal Awasthi , Alex Tang , Aravindan Vijayaraghavan

Implicit deep learning has received increasing attention recently due to the fact that it generalizes the recursive prediction rules of many commonly used neural network architectures. Its prediction rule is provided implicitly based on the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-21 Tianxiang Gao , Hailiang Liu , Jia Liu , Hridesh Rajan , Hongyang Gao

A surprising phenomenon in the training of neural networks is the ability of gradient descent to find global minimizers of the training loss despite its non-convexity. Following earlier works, we investigate this behavior for wide shallow…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-05-12 Romain Petit , Clarice Poon , Gabriel Peyré

Understanding the asymptotic behavior of gradient-descent training of deep neural networks is essential for revealing inductive biases and improving network performance. We derive the infinite-time training limit of a mathematically…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-02-08 Samuel Lippl , L. F. Abbott , SueYeon Chung

We study the least-square regression problem with a two-layer fully-connected neural network, with ReLU activation function, trained by gradient flow. Our first result is a generalization result, that requires no assumptions on the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Junhyung Park , Patrick Bloebaum , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan

We explore the ability of overparameterized shallow ReLU neural networks to learn Lipschitz, nondifferentiable, bounded functions with additive noise when trained by Gradient Descent (GD). To avoid the problem that in the presence of noise,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-07 Ilja Kuzborskij , Csaba Szepesvári

The generalization mystery of overparametrized deep nets has motivated efforts to understand how gradient descent (GD) converges to low-loss solutions that generalize well. Real-life neural networks are initialized from small random values…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-10 Kaifeng Lyu , Zhiyuan Li , Runzhe Wang , Sanjeev Arora

In this article we study fully-connected feedforward deep ReLU ANNs with an arbitrarily large number of hidden layers and we prove convergence of the risk of the GD optimization method with random initializations in the training of such…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2022-07-14 Arnulf Jentzen , Adrian Riekert

We describe a necessary and sufficient condition for the convergence to minimum Bayes risk when training two-layer ReLU-networks by gradient descent in the mean field regime with omni-directional initial parameter distribution. This article…

偏微分方程分析 · 数学 2020-05-28 Stephan Wojtowytsch

Understanding implicit bias of gradient descent for generalization capability of ReLU networks has been an important research topic in machine learning research. Unfortunately, even for a single ReLU neuron trained with the square loss, it…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-14 Sangmin Lee , Byeongsu Sim , Jong Chul Ye

Empirical studies show that gradient-based methods can learn deep neural networks (DNNs) with very good generalization performance in the over-parameterization regime, where DNNs can easily fit a random labeling of the training data. Very…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-11-28 Yuan Cao , Quanquan Gu

We consider the problem of computing the best-fitting ReLU with respect to square-loss on a training set when the examples have been drawn according to a spherical Gaussian distribution (the labels can be arbitrary). Let $\mathsf{opt} < 1$…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-11-06 Surbhi Goel , Sushrut Karmalkar , Adam Klivans

Neural networks are a powerful class of functions that can be trained with simple gradient descent to achieve state-of-the-art performance on a variety of applications. Despite their practical success, there is a paucity of results that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-03-06 Bo Xie , Yingyu Liang , Le Song