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In addition to accurate scene understanding through precise semantic segmentation of LiDAR point clouds, detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) objects, instances not encountered during training, is essential to prevent the incorrect…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Hanieh Shojaei Miandashti , Claus Brenner

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a critical task to ensure the reliability and security of machine learning models deployed in real-world applications. Conventional methods for OOD detection that rely on single-modal information,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-21 K Huang , G Song , Hanwen Su , Jiyan Wang

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples are crucial for machine learning models deployed in open-world environments. Classifier-based scores are a standard approach for OOD detection due to their fine-grained detection capability.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-09-27 Jaewoo Park , Yoon Gyo Jung , Andrew Beng Jin Teoh

As machine learning becomes increasingly prevalent in impactful decisions, recognizing when inference data is outside the model's expected input distribution is paramount for giving context to predictions. Out-of-distribution (OOD)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-19 Anish Lakkapragada , Amol Khanna , Edward Raff , Nathan Inkawhich

The task of out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for deploying machine learning models in real-world settings. In this paper, we observe that the singular value distributions of the in-distribution (ID) and OOD features are quite…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-09-20 Yue Song , Nicu Sebe , Wei Wang

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection and segmentation are crucial for deploying machine learning models in safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving and robot-assisted surgery. While prior research has primarily focused on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Moru Liu , Hao Dong , Jessica Kelly , Olga Fink , Mario Trapp

Image classification plays a pivotal role across diverse applications, yet challenges persist when models are deployed in real-world scenarios. Notably, these models falter in detecting unfamiliar classes that were not incorporated during…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-01-03 Butian Xiong , Liguang Zhou , Tin Lun Lam , Yangsheng Xu

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for determining when a supervised model encounters inputs that differ meaningfully from its training distribution. While widely studied in classification, OOD detection for regression and…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-12-16 Min Lu , Hemant Ishwaran

We study the problem of Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection, that is, detecting whether a learning algorithm's output can be trusted at inference time. While a number of tests for OOD detection have been proposed in prior work, a formal…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-09-19 Akshayaa Magesh , Venugopal V. Veeravalli , Anirban Roy , Susmit Jha

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) data is crucial in machine learning applications to mitigate the risk of model overconfidence, thereby enhancing the reliability and safety of deployed systems. The majority of existing OOD detection…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-08-22 Christos Constantinou , Georgios Ioannides , Aman Chadha , Aaron Elkins , Edwin Simpson

Deep Learning models perform unreliably when the data comes from a distribution different from the training one. In critical applications such as medical imaging, out-of-distribution (OOD) detection methods help to identify such data…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-06-26 Anton Vasiliuk , Daria Frolova , Mikhail Belyaev , Boris Shirokikh

Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection in semantic segmentation aims to localize anomalous regions at the pixel level, advancing beyond traditional image-level OOD techniques to better suit real-world applications such as autonomous driving.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Nimeshika Udayangani , Sarah Erfani , Christopher Leckie

Outlier exposure (OE) is powerful in out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, enhancing detection capability via model fine-tuning with surrogate OOD data. However, surrogate data typically deviate from test OOD data. Thus, the performance of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-10 Qizhou Wang , Junjie Ye , Feng Liu , Quanyu Dai , Marcus Kalander , Tongliang Liu , Jianye Hao , Bo Han

Recent object detectors have achieved impressive accuracy in identifying objects seen during training. However, real-world deployment often introduces novel and unexpected objects, referred to as out-of-distribution (OOD) objects, posing…

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is critical to ensuring the reliability and safety of machine learning systems. For instance, in autonomous driving, we would like the driving system to issue an alert and hand over the control to humans…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-01-24 Jingkang Yang , Kaiyang Zhou , Yixuan Li , Ziwei Liu

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is essential for neural networks operating in open-world settings, particularly in safety-critical applications. Existing methods have improved OOD detection by leveraging two main techniques:…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-01 Lucas Rakotoarivony

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection in deep learning has traditionally been framed as a binary task, where samples are either classified as belonging to the known classes or marked as OOD, with little attention given to the semantic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-28 Erik Wallin , Fredrik Kahl , Lars Hammarstrand

By design, discriminatively trained neural network classifiers produce reliable predictions only for in-distribution samples. For their real-world deployments, detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is essential. Assuming OOD to be…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-11 Sachin Vernekar , Ashish Gaurav , Vahdat Abdelzad , Taylor Denouden , Rick Salay , Krzysztof Czarnecki

Out-of-distribution (OOD) object detection is an important yet underexplored task. A reliable object detector should be able to handle OOD objects by localizing and correctly classifying them as OOD. However, a critical issue arises when…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Sadia Ilyas , Annika Mütze , Klaus Friedrichs , Thomas Kurbiel , Matthias Rottmann

Deep neural networks achieve superior performance in challenging tasks such as image classification. However, deep classifiers tend to incorrectly classify out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs, which are inputs that do not belong to the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-24 Vahdat Abdelzad , Krzysztof Czarnecki , Rick Salay , Taylor Denounden , Sachin Vernekar , Buu Phan