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We consider the task of Extreme Multi-Label Text Classification (XMTC) in the legal domain. We release a new dataset of 57k legislative documents from EURLEX, the European Union's public document database, annotated with concepts from…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-05-28 Ilias Chalkidis , Manos Fergadiotis , Prodromos Malakasiotis , Nikolaos Aletras , Ion Androutsopoulos

Multi-task learning (MTL) considers learning a joint model for multiple tasks by optimizing a convex combination of all task losses. To solve the optimization problem, existing methods use an adaptive weight updating scheme, where task…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-22 Yifei He , Shiji Zhou , Guojun Zhang , Hyokun Yun , Yi Xu , Belinda Zeng , Trishul Chilimbi , Han Zhao

In Extreme Multi Label Completion (XMLCo), the objective is to predict the missing labels of a collection of documents. Together with XML Classification, XMLCo is arguably one of the most challenging document classification tasks, as the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-19 Julien Audiffren , Christophe Broillet , Ljiljana Dolamic , Philippe Cudré-Mauroux

Long-tail imbalance is endemic to multi-label learning: a few head labels dominate the gradient signal, while the many rare labels that matter in practice are silently ignored. We tackle this problem by casting the task as a cooperative…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Canran Xiao , Chuangxin Zhao , Zong Ke , Fei Shen

Multi-label classification (MLC) is a generalization of standard classification where multiple labels may be assigned to a given sample. In the real world, it is more common to deal with noisy datasets than clean datasets, given how modern…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-18 Wenting Zhao , Carla Gomes

Learning an effective representation in multi-label text classification (MLTC) is a significant challenge in NLP. This challenge arises from the inherent complexity of the task, which is shaped by two key factors: the intricate connections…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Alexandre Audibert , Aurélien Gauffre , Massih-Reza Amini

Label distribution learning (LDL) is a novel paradigm that describe the samples by label distribution of a sample. However, acquiring LDL dataset is costly and time-consuming, which leads to the birth of incomplete label distribution…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Jiecheng Jiang , Jiawei Tang , Jiahao Jiang , Hui Liu , Junhui Hou , Yuheng Jia

We study open-world multi-label text classification under extremely weak supervision (XWS), where the user only provides a brief description for classification objectives without any labels or ground-truth label space. Similar single-label…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-09 Xintong Li , Jinya Jiang , Ria Dharmani , Jayanth Srinivasa , Gaowen Liu , Jingbo Shang

The extreme multi-label classification (XMC) task aims at tagging content with a subset of labels from an extremely large label set. The label vocabulary is typically defined in advance by domain experts and assumed to capture all necessary…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-05-13 Daniel Simig , Fabio Petroni , Pouya Yanki , Kashyap Popat , Christina Du , Sebastian Riedel , Majid Yazdani

One of the key problems in multi-label text classification is how to take advantage of the correlation among labels. However, it is very challenging to directly model the correlations among labels in a complex and unknown label space. In…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-03-16 Rui Song , Xingbing Chen , Zelong Liu , Haining An , Zhiqi Zhang , Xiaoguang Wang , Hao Xu

In recent years, multi-label classification has attracted a significant body of research, motivated by real-life applications, such as text classification and medical diagnoses. Although sparsely studied in this context, Learning Classifier…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2015-12-29 Fani A. Tzima , Miltiadis Allamanis , Alexandros Filotheou , Pericles A. Mitkas

Assigning a set of labels to a given text is a classification problem with many real-world applications, such as recommender systems. Two separate research streams address this issue. Hierarchical Text Classification (HTC) focuses on…

Long-tailed semi-supervised learning poses a significant challenge in training models with limited labeled data exhibiting a long-tailed label distribution. Current state-of-the-art LTSSL approaches heavily rely on high-quality…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Zi-Hao Zhou , Siyuan Fang , Zi-Jing Zhou , Tong Wei , Yuanyu Wan , Min-Ling Zhang

Multi-label (ML) data deals with multiple classes associated with individual samples at the same time. This leads to the co-occurrence of several classes repeatedly, which indicates some existing correlation among them. In this article, the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-23 Anwesha Law , Ashish Ghosh

Multi-label classification is a common supervised machine learning problem where each instance is associated with multiple classes. The key challenge in this problem is learning the correlations between the classes. An additional challenge…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2016-04-05 Divya Padmanabhan , Satyanath Bhat , Shirish Shevade , Y. Narahari

Multi-label classification (MLC) refers to the problem of tagging a given instance with a set of relevant labels. Most existing MLC methods are based on the assumption that the correlation of two labels in each label pair is symmetric,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-04 Xingyu Zhao , Yuexuan An , Lei Qi , Xin Geng

Multi-label classification (MC) is a standard machine learning problem in which a data point can be associated with a set of classes. A more challenging scenario is given by hierarchical multi-label classification (HMC) problems, in which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-05 Eleonora Giunchiglia , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Real-world data often exhibits long-tailed distributions with heavy class imbalance, posing great challenges for deep recognition models. We identify a persisting dilemma on the value of labels in the context of imbalanced learning: on the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-09-29 Yuzhe Yang , Zhi Xu

Large-scale Multi-label Text Classification (LMTC) has a wide range of Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications and presents interesting challenges. First, not all labels are well represented in the training set, due to the very large…

Multi-label classification is an important yet challenging task in natural language processing. It is more complex than single-label classification in that the labels tend to be correlated. Existing methods tend to ignore the correlations…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-06-18 Pengcheng Yang , Xu Sun , Wei Li , Shuming Ma , Wei Wu , Houfeng Wang