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One of the most exciting discoveries of recent years is a pair of gigantic gamma-ray emission regions, the so-called Fermi bubbles, above and below the Galactic center. The bubbles, discovered by the Fermi space telescope, extend up to…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-06-23 Satyendra Thoudam

Recently, the {\it{Fermi}} space telescope has discovered two large $\gamma$-ray emission regions, the so-called "Fermi bubbles", that extend up to $\sim 50^\circ$ above and below the Galactic center. The $\gamma$-ray emission from the…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-06-15 Satyendra Thoudam

The diffuse gamma-ray sky revealed 'Bubbles' of emission above and below the Galactic Plane symmetric around the centre of the Milky Way with a height of 10 kpc in both directions. At present there is no convincing explanation for the…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-06-22 Wim de Boer , Markus Weber

Despite their discovery fifteen years ago, the nature and origin of the Fermi bubbles remain unclear. We here investigate the effect a magnetic field can have on a subsonic breeze outflow emanating from the Galactic centre region. The…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2026-03-18 Olivier Tourmente , Donna Rodgers-Lee , Andrew M. Taylor

The Fermi-LAT data revealed giant bubbles of emission above and below the Galactic plane with an energy spectrum significantly harder than seen from other directions. How the bubbles connect to the Galactic plane is unclear. We find that…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-09-18 Wim de Boer , Iris Gebauer , Simon Kunz , Alexander Neumann

We study a scenario in which the Fermi bubbles are formed through a Galactocentric outflow of gas and pre-accelerated cosmic-rays (CR). We take into account CR energy losses due to proton-proton interactions with the gas present in the…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-10-29 Gwenael Giacinti , Andrew M. Taylor

The Fermi Bubbles are gamma-ray structures extending from the center of the Milky Way to +/-50 degree Galactic latitude that were discovered in data obtained by the Fermi/LAT instrument. Their origin and power source remain uncertain. To…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-11-11 Ami Tank , Roland Crocker , Mark R. Krumholz

The Fermi bubbles are one of the most remarkable features in the gamma-ray sky revealed by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). The nature of the gamma-ray emission and the origin of the bubbles are still open questions. In this note, we…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2017-04-11 Dmitry Malyshev

The discovery of the Fermi bubbles---a huge bilobular structure seen in GeV gamma-rays above and below the Galactic center---implies the presence of a large reservoir of high energy particles at $\sim 10 \, \text{kpc}$ from the disk. The…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-02-27 Philipp Mertsch , Vahé Petrosian

Motivated by the discovery of the non-thermal Fermi bubble features both below and above the Galactic plane, we investigate a scenario in which these bubbles are formed through Galacto-centric outflow. Cosmic rays (CR) both diffusing and…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2017-01-11 Andrew M. Taylor , Gwenael Giacinti

Recently evidence has emerged for enormous features in the gamma-ray sky observed by the Fermi-LAT instrument: bilateral `bubbles' of emission centered on the core of the Galaxy and extending to around 10 kpc above and below the Galactic…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2011-03-24 Roland M. Crocker , Felix Aharonian

Gamma-ray data from Fermi-LAT reveal a bi-lobular structure extending up to 50 degrees above and below the galactic centre, which presumably originated in some form of energy release there less than a few million years ago. It has been…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2011-08-26 Philipp Mertsch , Subir Sarkar

Fermi has discovered two giant gamma-ray-emitting bubbles that extend nearly 10kpc in diameter north and south of the galactic center (GC). The existence of the bubbles was first evidenced in X-rays detected by ROSAT and later WMAP detected…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-05-27 K. S. Cheng , D. O. Chernyshov , V. A. Dogiel , C. -M. Ko , W. -H. Ip

Fermi LAT has discovered two extended gamma-ray bubbles above and below the galactic plane. We propose that their origin is due to the energy release in the Galactic center (GC) as a result of quasi-periodic star accretion onto the central…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2011-09-14 D. O. Chernyshov , K. -S. Cheng , V. A. Dogiel , C. M. Ko , W. -H. Ip , Y. Wang

Recently the Fermi-LAT data have revealed two gamma-ray emitting bubble-shaped structures at the Galactic center. If the observed gamma rays have hadronic origin (collisions of accelerated protons), the bubbles must emit high energy…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2012-07-06 Cecilia Lunardini , Soebur Razzaque

The origin of sub-TeV gamma rays detected by Fermi-LAT from the Fermi bubbles at the Galactic center is still unknown. In a hadronic model, acceleration of protons and/or nuclei and their subsequent interactions with gas in the bubble…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-04-11 Soebur Razzaque , Lili Yang

Galactic outflows are ubiquitous in galaxies containing active star formation or supermassive black hole activity. The presence of a large-scale outflow from the center of our own Galaxy was confirmed after the discovery of two large ($\sim…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-03-18 Kartick C. Sarkar

Fermi bubbles are giant gamma-ray structures extended north and south of the Galactic center with characteristic sizes of order of 10 kpc recently discovered by Fermi Large Area Telescope. Good correlation between radio and gamma-ray…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-23 D. O. Chernyshov , K. S. Cheng , V. A. Dogiel , C. M. Ko

The Fermi bubbles, two giant structures above and below the Galactic center (GC), are among the most important discoveries of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Studying their physical origin has been providing valuable insights into…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-03-02 H. -Y. K. Yang , M. Ruszkowski , E. G. Zweibel

The Fermi Bubbles are giant Galactic structures observed in both gamma-rays and microwaves. Recent studies have found support for the hypothesis that the gamma-ray and microwave emission can both be understood as arising from a hard…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2017-05-03 Sruthi A. Narayanan , Tracy R. Slatyer
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