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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the major blindness-causing diseases currently known. Automatic grading of DR using deep learning methods not only speeds up the diagnosis of the disease but also reduces the rate of misdiagnosis.…

Training of deep neural networks heavily depends on the data distribution. In particular, the networks easily suffer from class imbalance. The trained networks would recognize the frequent classes better than the infrequent classes. To…

Medical image segmentation aims to identify anatomical structures at the voxel-level. Segmentation accuracy relies on distinguishing voxel differences. Compared to advancements achieved in studies of the inter-class variance, the…

This study introduces a novel unsupervised medical image feature extraction method that employs spatial stratification techniques. An objective function based on weight is proposed to achieve the purpose of fast image recognition. The…

Medical image segmentation is crucial for accurate clinical diagnoses, yet it faces challenges such as low contrast between lesions and normal tissues, unclear boundaries, and high variability across patients. Deep learning has improved…

Inverse problems in imaging are typically ill-posed and are usually solved by employing regularized optimization techniques. The usage of appropriate constraints can restrict the solution space, thus making it feasible for a reconstruction…

Class imbalance is a pervasive issue in the field of disease classification from medical images. It is necessary to balance out the class distribution while training a model for decent results. However, in the case of rare medical diseases,…

Local discriminative representation is needed in many medical image analysis tasks such as identifying sub-types of lesion or segmenting detailed components of anatomical structures. However, the commonly applied supervised representation…

Exploiting deep learning in medical imaging faces critical challenges, including strict privacy constraints, heterogeneous imaging devices with varying acquisition properties, and class imbalance due to the uneven prevalence of pathologies.…

Class imbalance is a common problem in the case of real-world object detection and classification tasks. Data of some classes is abundant making them an over-represented majority, and data of other classes is scarce, making them an…

The vast majority of real world classification problems are imbalanced, meaning there are far fewer data from the class of interest (the positive class) than from other classes. We propose two machine learning algorithms to handle highly…

Transfer learning is a machine learning technique designed to improve generalization performance by using pre-trained parameters obtained from other learning tasks. For image recognition tasks, many previous studies have reported that, when…

Current deep learning classifiers, carry out supervised learning and store class discriminatory information in a set of shared network weights. These weights cannot be easily altered to incrementally learn additional classes, since the…

Learning from imbalanced data is one of the most significant challenges in real-world classification tasks. In such cases, neural networks performance is substantially impaired due to preference towards the majority class. Existing…

Mammograms are commonly employed in the large scale screening of breast cancer which is primarily characterized by the presence of malignant masses. However, automated image-level detection of malignancy is a challenging task given the…

Accurate training labels are a key component for multi-class medical image segmentation. Their annotation is costly and time-consuming because it requires domain expertise. This work aims to develop a dual-branch network and automatically…

Classification models are expected to perform equally well for different classes, yet in practice, there are often large gaps in their performance. This issue of class bias is widely studied in cases of datasets with sample imbalance, but…

Class imbalance is a common problem in medical diagnosis, causing a standard classifier to be biased towards the common classes and perform poorly on the rare classes. This is especially true for dermatology, a specialty with thousands of…

Medical image classification is one of the most critical problems in the image recognition area. One of the major challenges in this field is the scarcity of labelled training data. Additionally, there is often class imbalance in datasets…

The aim of Active Learning is to select the most informative samples from an unlabelled set of data. This is useful in cases where the amount of data is large and labelling is expensive, such as in machine vision or medical imaging. Two…