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High-quality multilingual training data is essential for effectively pretraining large language models (LLMs). Yet, the availability of suitable open-source multilingual datasets remains limited. Existing state-of-the-art datasets mostly…

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) enables learning control policies by utilizing only prior experience, without any online interaction. This can allow robots to acquire generalizable skills from large and diverse datasets, without any…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-24 Aviral Kumar , Anikait Singh , Stephen Tian , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine

Large Language Models (LLMs) serve as repositories of extensive world knowledge, enabling them to perform tasks such as question-answering and fact-checking. However, this knowledge can become obsolete as global contexts change. In this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-17 Yuhao Wu , Tongjun Shi , Karthick Sharma , Chun Wei Seah , Shuhao Zhang

The open-endedness of large language models (LLMs) combined with their impressive capabilities may lead to new safety issues when being exploited for malicious use. While recent studies primarily focus on probing toxic outputs that can be…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-30 Jiaxin Wen , Pei Ke , Hao Sun , Zhexin Zhang , Chengfei Li , Jinfeng Bai , Minlie Huang

Large Language Models(LLMs) have been attracting attention due to a ability called in-context learning(ICL). ICL, without updating the parameters of a LLM, it is possible to achieve highly accurate inference based on rules ``in the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-25 Toma Tanaka , Naofumi Emoto , Tsukasa Yumibayashi

Offline-to-online reinforcement learning (RL) improves sample efficiency by leveraging pre-collected datasets prior to online interaction. A key challenge, however, is learning an accurate critic in large state--action spaces with limited…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Andrew Choi , Wei Xu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been widely used in training large language models (LLMs) for preventing unexpected outputs, eg reducing harmfulness and errors. However, existing RL methods mostly adopt the instance-level reward, which is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Zhipeng Chen , Kun Zhou , Wayne Xin Zhao , Junchen Wan , Fuzheng Zhang , Di Zhang , Ji-Rong Wen

Despite the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), uncertainty quantification in LLM generation is a persistent challenge. Although recent approaches have achieved strong performance by restricting LLMs to produce short or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Haozhi Fan , Jinhao Duan , Kaidi Xu

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to learn a policy from a static dataset without further interactions with the environment. Collecting sufficiently large datasets for offline RL is exhausting since this data collection requires…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-22 Jongchan Park , Mingyu Park , Donghwan Lee

The successes of reinforcement learning in recent years are underpinned by the characterization of suitable reward functions. However, in settings where such rewards are non-intuitive, difficult to define, or otherwise error-prone in their…

形式语言与自动机理论 · 计算机科学 2023-03-02 Mohammad Afzal , Sankalp Gambhir , Ashutosh Gupta , Krishna S , Ashutosh Trivedi , Alvaro Velasquez

In offline reinforcement learning (RL), learning from fixed datasets presents a promising solution for domains where real-time interaction with the environment is expensive or risky. However, designing dense reward signals for offline…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Younghwan Lee , Tung M. Luu , Donghoon Lee , Chang D. Yoo

Stylistic response generation is crucial for building an engaging dialogue system for industrial use. While it has attracted much research interest, existing methods often generate stylistic responses at the cost of the content quality…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-04-07 Yixuan Su , Deng Cai , Yan Wang , Simon Baker , Anna Korhonen , Nigel Collier , Xiaojiang Liu

Learning a goal-oriented dialog policy is generally performed offline with supervised learning algorithms or online with reinforcement learning (RL). Additionally, as companies accumulate massive quantities of dialog transcripts between…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2017-12-11 Li Zhou , Kevin Small , Oleg Rokhlenko , Charles Elkan

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has shown remarkable abilities in learning policies for decision-making tasks. However, RL is often hindered by issues such as low sample efficiency, lack of interpretability, and sparse supervision signals. To…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-16 Xidong Feng , Ziyu Wan , Mengyue Yang , Ziyan Wang , Girish A. Koushik , Yali Du , Ying Wen , Jun Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit In-Context Learning (ICL), which enables the model to perform new tasks conditioning only on the examples provided in the context without updating the model's weights. While ICL offers fast adaptation…

This paper introduces a novel reinforcement learning (RL) framework, termed Reward-Guided Conservative Q-learning (RG-CQL), to enhance coordination between ride-pooling and public transit within a multimodal transportation network. We model…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-27 Yulong Hu , Tingting Dong , Sen Li

Large language models often require fine-tuning to better align their behavior with user intent at deployment. Existing approaches are commonly divided into online and offline paradigms. Online methods, such as RL-based alignment, can…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Shijun Li , Kaiwen Dong , Xiang Gao , Joydeep Ghosh

The offline reinforcement learning (RL) paradigm provides a general recipe to convert static behavior datasets into policies that can perform better than the policy that collected the data. While policy constraints, conservatism, and other…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-10-19 Jianlan Luo , Perry Dong , Jeffrey Wu , Aviral Kumar , Xinyang Geng , Sergey Levine

Offline reinforcement learning can enable policy learning from pre-collected, sub-optimal datasets without online interactions. This makes it ideal for real-world robots and safety-critical scenarios, where collecting online data or expert…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Sreyas Venkataraman , Yufei Wang , Ziyu Wang , Navin Sriram Ravie , Zackory Erickson , David Held

Recommender systems (RecSys) have become critical tools for enhancing user engagement by delivering personalized content across diverse digital platforms. Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) demonstrate significant potential…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-10-16 Yi Zhang , Lili Xie , Ruihong Qiu , Jiajun Liu , Sen Wang