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Autonomous driving is undergoing a shift from modular rule based pipelines toward end to end (E2E) learning systems. This paper examines this transition by tracing the evolution from classical sense perceive plan control architectures to…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Eduardo Nebot , Julie Stephany Berrio Perez

Integrating large language models (LLMs) in autonomous vehicles enables conversation with AI systems to drive the vehicle. However, it also emphasizes the requirement for such systems to comprehend commands accurately and achieve…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-05-09 Can Cui , Zichong Yang , Yupeng Zhou , Yunsheng Ma , Juanwu Lu , Lingxi Li , Yaobin Chen , Jitesh Panchal , Ziran Wang

As autonomous driving technology matures, end-to-end methodologies have emerged as a leading strategy, promising seamless integration from perception to control via deep learning. However, existing systems grapple with challenges such as…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-10-27 Tsun-Hsuan Wang , Alaa Maalouf , Wei Xiao , Yutong Ban , Alexander Amini , Guy Rosman , Sertac Karaman , Daniela Rus

Comma.ai's approach to Artificial Intelligence for self-driving cars is based on an agent that learns to clone driver behaviors and plans maneuvers by simulating future events in the road. This paper illustrates one of our research…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2016-08-04 Eder Santana , George Hotz

End-to-End driving is a promising paradigm as it circumvents the drawbacks associated with modular systems, such as their overwhelming complexity and propensity for error propagation. Autonomous driving transcends conventional traffic…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-09-20 Pranav Singh Chib , Pravendra Singh

Autonomous vehicles are the culmination of advances in many areas such as sensor technologies, artificial intelligence (AI), networking, and more. This paper will introduce the reader to the technologies that build autonomous vehicles. It…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-02-15 Oussama Saoudi , Ishwar Singh , Hamidreza Mahyar

End-to-end (E2E) autonomous driving systems offer a promising alternative to traditional modular pipelines by reducing information loss and error accumulation, with significant potential to enhance both mobility and safety. However, most…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Ke Guo , Haochen Liu , Xiaojun Wu , Jia Pan , Chen Lv

A principal barrier to large-scale deployment of urban autonomous driving systems lies in the prevalence of complex scenarios and edge cases. Existing systems fail to effectively interpret semantic information within traffic contexts and…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-07-09 Yuhang Zhang , Jiaqi Liu , Chengkai Xu , Peng Hang , Jian Sun

Robustness is a critical requirement for deploying autonomous driving systems in the real world. Existing robustness benchmarks for autonomous driving have made important progress in studying the effects of image-level corruptions, such as…

Large vision-language models (VLMs) have garnered increasing interest in autonomous driving areas, due to their advanced capabilities in complex reasoning tasks essential for highly autonomous vehicle behavior. Despite their potential,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-23 Ming Nie , Renyuan Peng , Chunwei Wang , Xinyue Cai , Jianhua Han , Hang Xu , Li Zhang

Integrating large language models (LLMs) into autonomous driving has attracted significant attention with the hope of improving generalization and explainability. However, existing methods often focus on either driving or vision-language…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-13 Katrin Renz , Long Chen , Elahe Arani , Oleg Sinavski

We consider the challenging problem of high speed autonomous racing in a realistic Formula One environment. DeepRacing is a novel end-to-end framework, and a virtual testbed for training and evaluating algorithms for autonomous racing. The…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2020-05-12 Trent Weiss , Madhur Behl

In the last decade, deep learning (DL) approaches have been used successfully in computer vision (CV) applications. However, DL-based CV models are generally considered to be black boxes due to their lack of interpretability. This black box…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-10-13 Jiqian Dong , Sikai Chen , Shuya Zong , Tiantian Chen , Mohammad Miralinaghi , Samuel Labi

Developing safe autonomous driving systems is a major scientific and technical challenge. Existing AI-based end-to-end solutions do not offer the necessary safety guarantees, while traditional systems engineering approaches are defeated by…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Marius Bozga , Joseph Sifakis

Traditional autonomous driving methods adopt a modular design, decomposing tasks into sub-tasks. In contrast, end-to-end autonomous driving directly outputs actions from raw sensor data, avoiding error accumulation. However, training an…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-11-22 Zeyu Dong , Yimin Zhu , Yansong Li , Kevin Mahon , Yu Sun

Optical sensors and learning algorithms for autonomous vehicles have dramatically advanced in the past few years. Nonetheless, the reliability of today's autonomous vehicles is hindered by the limited line-of-sight sensing capability and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-11-21 Jiaxun Cui , Hang Qiu , Dian Chen , Peter Stone , Yuke Zhu

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) cooperative autonomous driving holds great promise for improving safety by addressing the perception and prediction uncertainties inherent in single-agent systems. However, traditional cooperative methods are…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-12 Changxing Liu , Genjia Liu , Zijun Wang , Jinchang Yang , Siheng Chen

This paper presents a novel self-supervised two-frame multi-camera metric depth estimation network, termed M${^2}$Depth, which is designed to predict reliable scale-aware surrounding depth in autonomous driving. Unlike the previous works…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-06 Yingshuang Zou , Yikang Ding , Xi Qiu , Haoqian Wang , Haotian Zhang

Lane Keeping Assist (LKA) is widely adopted in modern vehicles, yet its real-world performance remains underexplored due to proprietary systems and limited data access. This paper presents OpenLKA, the first open, large-scale dataset for…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-17 Yuhang Wang , Abdulaziz Alhuraish , Shengming Yuan , Hao Zhou

Simulators can generate virtually unlimited driving data, yet imitation learning policies in simulation still struggle to achieve robust closed-loop performance. Motivated by this gap, we empirically study how misalignment between…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Long Nguyen , Micha Fauth , Bernhard Jaeger , Daniel Dauner , Maximilian Igl , Andreas Geiger , Kashyap Chitta