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The adoption of increasingly complex deep models has fueled an urgent need for insight into how these models make predictions. Counterfactual explanations form a powerful tool for providing actionable explanations to practitioners.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Paraskevas Pegios , Aasa Feragen , Andreas Abildtrup Hansen , Georgios Arvanitidis

The counterfactual token generation has been limited to perturbing only a single token in texts that are generally short and single sentences. These tokens are often associated with one of many sensitive attributes. With limited…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-02-10 Pranay Lohia

The paper proposes summarized attribution-based post-hoc explanations for the detection and identification of bias in data. A global explanation is proposed, and a step-by-step framework on how to detect and test bias is introduced. Since…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-26 Agnieszka Mikołajczyk , Michał Grochowski , Arkadiusz Kwasigroch

Counterfactual explanations are one of the prominent eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques, and suggest changes to input data that could alter predictions, leading to more favourable outcomes. Existing counterfactual methods…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Andrei Buliga , Chiara Di Francescomarino , Chiara Ghidini , Marco Montali , Massimiliano Ronzani

The problem of counterfactual visual explanations is considered. A new family of discriminant explanations is introduced. These produce heatmaps that attribute high scores to image regions informative of a classifier prediction but not of a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-04-17 Pei Wang , Nuno Vasconcelos

Counterfactual explanations have emerged as a promising method for elucidating the behavior of opaque black-box models. Recently, several works leveraged pixel-space diffusion models for counterfactual generation. To handle noisy,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-11 Karim Farid , Simon Schrodi , Max Argus , Thomas Brox

Machine learning models that automate decision-making are increasingly used in consequential areas such as loan approvals, pretrial bail approval, and hiring. Unfortunately, most of these models are black boxes, i.e., they are unable to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-05-28 Sopam Dasgupta , Joaquín Arias , Elmer Salazar , Gopal Gupta

Due to the increasing use of Machine Learning models in high stakes decision making settings, it has become increasingly important to have tools to understand how models arrive at decisions. Assuming a trained Supervised Classification…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-10-20 Emilio Carrizosa , Jasone Ramírez-Ayerbe , Dolores Romero Morales

Machine learning models that operate on graph-structured data, such as molecular graphs or social networks, often make accurate predictions but offer little insight into why certain predictions are made. Counterfactual explanations address…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-21 David Bechtoldt , Sidney Bender

Natural language counterfactual generation aims to minimally modify a given text such that the modified text will be classified into a different class. The generated counterfactuals provide insight into the reasoning behind a model's…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Yongjie Wang , Xiaoqi Qiu , Yu Yue , Xu Guo , Zhiwei Zeng , Yuhong Feng , Zhiqi Shen

The complexity of state-of-the-art modeling techniques for image classification impedes the ability to explain model predictions in an interpretable way. Existing explanation methods generally create importance rankings in terms of pixels…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-17 Tom Vermeire , David Martens

The last decade has witnessed the proliferation of Deep Learning models in many applications, achieving unrivaled levels of predictive performance. Unfortunately, the black-box nature of Deep Learning models has posed unanswered questions…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-03-26 Alejandro Barredo-Arrieta , Javier Del Ser

In this work, we develop a technique to produce counterfactual visual explanations. Given a 'query' image $I$ for which a vision system predicts class $c$, a counterfactual visual explanation identifies how $I$ could change such that the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-12 Yash Goyal , Ziyan Wu , Jan Ernst , Dhruv Batra , Devi Parikh , Stefan Lee

Explanation techniques that synthesize small, interpretable changes to a given image while producing desired changes in the model prediction have become popular for introspecting black-box models. Commonly referred to as counterfactuals,…

Current interpretability methods focus on explaining a particular model's decision through present input features. Such methods do not inform the user of the sufficient conditions that alter these decisions when they are not desirable.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-20 Julia El Zini , Mohammad Mansour , Mariette Awad

Counterfactual explanations for machine learning models are used to find minimal interventions to the feature values such that the model changes the prediction to a different output or a target output. A valid counterfactual explanation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-23 Shravan Kumar Sajja , Sumanta Mukherjee , Satyam Dwivedi

Recent advancements in generative AI have introduced novel prospects and practical implementations. Especially diffusion models show their strength in generating diverse and, at the same time, realistic features, positioning them well for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Franz Motzkus , Christian Hellert , Ute Schmid

While Visual Question Answering (VQA) models continue to push the state-of-the-art forward, they largely remain black-boxes - failing to provide insight into how or why an answer is generated. In this ongoing work, we propose addressing…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-11-18 Jingjing Pan , Yash Goyal , Stefan Lee

Counterfactual explanation is one branch of interpretable machine learning that produces a perturbation sample to change the model's original decision. The generated samples can act as a recommendation for end-users to achieve their desired…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-28 Tri Dung Duong , Qian Li , Guandong Xu

Existing algorithms for explaining the outputs of image classifiers are based on a variety of approaches and produce explanations that frequently lack formal rigour. On the other hand, logic-based explanations are formally and rigorously…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-20 David A Kelly , Hana Chockler