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Policy gradient methods are powerful reinforcement learning algorithms and have been demonstrated to solve many complex tasks. However, these methods are also data-inefficient, afflicted with high variance gradient estimates, and frequently…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-05-15 Andreas Doerr , Michael Volpp , Marc Toussaint , Sebastian Trimpe , Christian Daniel

We investigate the use of Reinforcement Learning for the optimal execution of meta-orders, where the objective is to execute incrementally large orders while minimizing implementation shortfall and market impact over an extended period of…

交易与市场微观结构 · 定量金融 2025-11-20 Tomas Espana , Yadh Hafsi , Fabrizio Lillo , Edoardo Vittori

Doubly robust methods hold considerable promise for off-policy evaluation in Markov decision processes (MDPs) under sequential ignorability: They have been shown to converge as $1/\sqrt{T}$ with the horizon $T$, to be statistically…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-09-30 Mohammad Mehrabi , Stefan Wager

We study offline reinforcement learning problems with a long-run average reward objective. The state-action pairs generated by any fixed behavioral policy thus follow a Markov chain, and the {\em empirical} state-action-next-state…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-03-18 Mengmeng Li , Daniel Kuhn , Tobias Sutter

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods rely on experience replay to approximate the minibatched supervised learning setting; however, unlike supervised learning where access to lots of training data is crucial to generalization,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-24 Brett Daley , Cameron Hickert , Christopher Amato

We study the convergence of off-policy TD(0) with linear function approximation when used to approximate the expected discounted reward in a Markov chain. It is well known that the combination of off-policy learning and function…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-04-02 Maik Overmars , Jasper Goseling , Richard Boucherie

We present a theoretically well-founded deep learning algorithm for nonparametric regression. It uses over-parametrized deep neural networks with logistic activation function, which are fitted to the given data via gradient descent. We…

统计理论 · 数学 2025-04-14 Michael Kohler , Adam Krzyzak

Reinforcement learning with function approximation can be unstable and even divergent, especially when combined with off-policy learning and Bellman updates. In deep reinforcement learning, these issues have been dealt with empirically by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-06 Dibya Ghosh , Marc G. Bellemare

We present a novel definition of the reinforcement learning state, actions and reward function that allows a deep Q-network (DQN) to learn to control an optimization hyperparameter. Using Q-learning with experience replay, we train two DQNs…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2016-06-21 Samantha Hansen

Offline policy evaluation (OPE) is considered a fundamental and challenging problem in reinforcement learning (RL). This paper focuses on the value estimation of a target policy based on pre-collected data generated from a possibly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-13 Jiayi Wang , Zhengling Qi , Raymond K. W. Wong

In the past few years, off-policy reinforcement learning methods have shown promising results in their application for robot control. Deep Q-learning, however, still suffers from poor data-efficiency and is susceptible to stochasticity in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-08-17 Gabriel Kalweit , Maria Huegle , Joschka Boedecker

Offline or batch reinforcement learning seeks to learn a near-optimal policy using history data without active exploration of the environment. To counter the insufficient coverage and sample scarcity of many offline datasets, the principle…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-14 Laixi Shi , Gen Li , Yuting Wei , Yuxin Chen , Yuejie Chi

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are often categorized as either on-policy or off-policy depending on whether they use data from a target policy of interest or from a different behavior policy. In this paper, we study a subtle…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-12 Rujie Zhong , Duohan Zhang , Lukas Schäfer , Stefano V. Albrecht , Josiah P. Hanna

In this paper we study a model-based approach to calculating approximately optimal policies in Markovian Decision Processes. In particular, we derive novel bounds on the loss of using a policy derived from a factored linear model, a class…

机器学习 · 统计学 2016-09-22 Bernardo Ávila Pires , Csaba Szepesvári

Temporal-difference learning (TD), coupled with neural networks, is among the most fundamental building blocks of deep reinforcement learning. However, due to the nonlinearity in value function approximation, such a coupling leads to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-16 Qi Cai , Zhuoran Yang , Jason D. Lee , Zhaoran Wang

We evaluate benchmark deep reinforcement learning algorithms on the task of portfolio optimisation using simulated data. The simulator to generate the data is based on correlated geometric Brownian motion with the Bertsimas-Lo market impact…

计算工程、金融与科学 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Chung I Lu

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a classical tool to solve network control or policy optimization problems in unknown environments. The original Q-learning suffers from performance and complexity challenges across very large networks. Herein,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-02 Talha Bozkus , Urbashi Mitra

Existing off-policy reinforcement learning algorithms often rely on an explicit state-action-value function representation, which can be problematic in high-dimensional action spaces due to the curse of dimensionality. This reliance results…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Fabian Otto , Philipp Becker , Ngo Anh Vien , Gerhard Neumann

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) suffers from extrapolation errors induced by out-of-distribution (OOD) actions. To address this, offline RL algorithms typically impose constraints on action selection, which can be systematically…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Yixiu Mao , Yun Qu , Qi Wang , Xiangyang Ji

Approximation of the value functions in value-based deep reinforcement learning induces overestimation bias, resulting in suboptimal policies. We show that when the reinforcement signals received by the agents have a high variance, deep…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-20 Baturay Saglam , Furkan Burak Mutlu , Dogan Can Cicek , Suleyman Serdar Kozat