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Intelligent traffic lights in smart cities can optimally reduce traffic congestion. In this study, we employ reinforcement learning to train the control agent of a traffic light on a simulator of urban mobility. As a difference from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-28 Yue Zhu , Mingyu Cai , Chris Schwarz , Junchao Li , Shaoping Xiao

We present Coordinated Proximal Policy Optimization (CoPPO), an algorithm that extends the original Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) to the multi-agent setting. The key idea lies in the coordinated adaptation of step size during the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-11-09 Zifan Wu , Chao Yu , Deheng Ye , Junge Zhang , Haiyin Piao , Hankz Hankui Zhuo

Deep reinforcement learning agents, trained on raw pixel inputs, often fail to generalize beyond their training environments, relying on spurious correlations and irrelevant background details. To address this issue, object-centric agents…

On-policy reinforcement learning methods, like Trust Region Policy Optimization (TRPO) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), often demand extensive data per update, leading to sample inefficiency. This paper introduces Reflective Policy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Yaozhong Gan , Renye Yan , Zhe Wu , Junliang Xing

Online reinforcement learning agents are currently able to process an increasing amount of data by converting it into a higher order value functions. This expansion of the information collected from the environment increases the agent's…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-04 Mirza Ramicic , Andrea Bonarini

We implement the reinforcement learning agent for a spin-1 atomic system to prepare spin squeezed state from given initial state. Proximal policy gradient (PPO) algorithm is used to deal with continuous external control field and final…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-02-21 Jun-Jie Chen , Ming Xue

In the classical Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) framework, Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is employed to learn from sparse, sentence-level rewards -- a challenging scenario in traditional deep reinforcement learning.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Han Zhong , Zikang Shan , Guhao Feng , Wei Xiong , Xinle Cheng , Li Zhao , Di He , Jiang Bian , Liwei Wang

Decentralized multi-agent path finding (MAPF) routes a team of agents on a shared grid, each acting from its own local view. The standard solution trains one shared neural policy with Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), a popular on-policy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Riad Ahmed

On-policy deep reinforcement learning algorithms have low data utilization and require significant experience for policy improvement. This paper proposes a proximal policy optimization algorithm with prioritized trajectory replay (PTR-PPO)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-09 Xingxing Liang , Yang Ma , Yanghe Feng , Zhong Liu

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is a widely used reinforcement learning algorithm known for its stability and sample efficiency, but it often suffers from premature convergence due to limited exploration. In this paper, we propose POEM…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2026-01-22 Casimir Czworkowski , Stephen Hornish , Alhassan S. Yasin

We address the problem of learning hierarchical deep neural network policies for reinforcement learning. In contrast to methods that explicitly restrict or cripple lower layers of a hierarchy to force them to use higher-level modulating…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-09-05 Tuomas Haarnoja , Kristian Hartikainen , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine

In sequence generation task, many works use policy gradient for model optimization to tackle the intractable backpropagation issue when maximizing the non-differentiable evaluation metrics or fooling the discriminator in adversarial…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-08-27 Yi-Lin Tuan , Jinzhi Zhang , Yujia Li , Hung-yi Lee

This paper introduces a novel agent-based approach for enhancing existing portfolio strategies using Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO). Rather than focusing solely on traditional portfolio construction, our approach aims to improve an…

投资组合管理 · 定量金融 2025-02-06 Daniil Karzanov , Rubén Garzón , Mikhail Terekhov , Caglar Gulcehre , Thomas Raffinot , Marcin Detyniecki

The Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) plays a pivotal role in shaping the impact of large language models (LLMs), contributing significantly to controlling output toxicity and selecting output styles, particularly as LLMs…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-08-11 Miao Fan , Chen Hu , Shuchang Zhou

A fundamental challenge in reinforcement learning is to learn policies that generalize beyond the operating domains experienced during training. In this paper, we approach this challenge through the following invariance principle: an agent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-11-10 Anoopkumar Sonar , Vincent Pacelli , Anirudha Majumdar

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) dominates reinforcement learning and LLM alignment but relies on a "hard clipping" mechanism that discards valuable gradients. Conversely, unconstrained methods like SPO expose the optimization to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Yiheng Zhang , Yiming Wang , Kaiyan Zhao , Zhenglin Wan , Jiayu Chen , Leong Hou U

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is central to aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) in reasoning tasks with verifiable rewards. However, standard token-level PPO struggles in this setting due to the instability of temporal credit…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-13 Tianyi Wang , Yixia Li , Long Li , Yibiao Chen , Shaohan Huang , Yun Chen , Peng Li , Yang Liu , Guanhua Chen

Proficient game agents with diverse play styles enrich the gaming experience and enhance the replay value of games. However, recent advancements in game AI based on reinforcement learning have predominantly focused on improving proficiency,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Lingfeng Li , Yunlong Lu , Yongyi Wang , Wenxin Li

This paper proposes an algorithm that aims to improve generalization for reinforcement learning agents by removing overfitting to confounding features. Our approach consists of a max-min game theoretic objective. A generator transfers the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-31 Md Masudur Rahman , Yexiang Xue

Proximal Policy Optimization with Adaptive Exploration (axPPO) is introduced as a novel learning algorithm. This paper investigates the exploration-exploitation tradeoff within the context of reinforcement learning and aims to contribute…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-09 Andrei Lixandru