相关论文: A mathematical model of reward-mediated learning i…
Reward processing and derangements thereof, such as drug addiction, involve the coordinated activity of many brain areas. Prior work has identified many behavioral, molecular biological and single neuron changes throughout the…
More than 60% of individuals recovering from substance use disorder relapse within one year. Some will resume drug consumption even after decades of abstinence. The cognitive and psychological mechanisms that lead to relapse are not…
The Reward Prediction Error hypothesis proposes that phasic activity in the midbrain dopaminergic system reflects prediction errors needed for learning in reinforcement learning. Besides the well-documented association between dopamine and…
Human addiction, as a learned behaviour, has and is constantly being treated psychologically, with specific and timely interventions from Neuroscience. We endorse that human addiction can receive further boost as regards treatment, when we…
The neuronal circuit that controls obsessive and compulsive behaviors involves a complex network of brain regions (some with known involvement in reward processing). Among these are cortical regions, the striatum and the thalamus (which…
Addiction, as a nervous disease, can be analysed using mathematical modelling and computer simulations. In this paper, we use an existing mathematical model to predict and simulate human brain response to the consumption of a single dose of…
Despite growing scientific interest in the placebo effect and increasing understanding of neurobiological mechanisms, theoretical modeling of the placebo response remains poorly developed. The most extensively accepted theories are…
Effective treatments that prevent or reduce drug relapse vulnerability should be developed to relieve the high burden of drug addiction to society. This will only be possible by enhancing the understanding of the molecular mechanisms…
Current theoretical and computational models of dopamine-based reinforcement learning are largely rooted in the classical behaviorist tradition, and envision the organism as a purely reactive recipient of rewards and punishments, with…
Drawing an inspiration from behavioral studies of human decision making, we propose here a general parametric framework for a reinforcement learning problem, which extends the standard Q-learning approach to incorporate a two-stream…
Neuromodulation plays a fundamental role in the acquisition of new behaviours. Our experimental findings show that, whereas acetylcholine biases hippocampal synaptic plasticity towards depression, the subsequent application of dopamine can…
Opioid use disorder (OUD) continuously poses major public health challenges and social implications worldwide with dramatic rise of opioid dependence leading to potential abuse. Despite that a few pharmacological agents have been approved…
Continuous, adaptive learning, the ability to adapt to the environment and keep improving performance, is a hallmark of natural intelligence. Biological organisms excel in acquiring, transferring, and retaining knowledge while adapting to…
A common view on the brain learning processes proposes that the three classic learning paradigms -- unsupervised, reinforcement, and supervised -- take place in respectively the cortex, the basal-ganglia, and the cerebellum. However,…
Animals learn to predict external contingencies from experience through a process of conditioning. A natural mechanism for conditioning is stimulus substitution, whereby the neuronal response to a stimulus with no prior behavioral…
Learning about many things can provide numerous benefits to a reinforcement learning system. For example, learning many auxiliary value functions, in addition to optimizing the environmental reward, appears to improve both exploration and…
Cocaine addiction is a psychosocial disorder induced by the chronic use of cocaine and causes a large of number deaths around the world. Despite many decades' effort, no drugs have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for…
This paper presents a vehicle lateral controller based on spiking neural networks capable of replicating the behavior of a model-based controller but with the additional ability to perform online adaptation. By making use of neural…
Addiction is a major public health concern characterized by compulsive reward-seeking behavior. The excitatory glutamatergic signals from the hippocampus (HIP) to the Nucleus accumbens (NAc) mediate learned behavior in addiction. Limited…
Decision under risk and uncertainty has been attracting attention in neuroeconomics and neuroendocrinology of decision-making. This paper demonstrated that the neurotransmitter receptor theory-based value (utility) function can account for…