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While the enormous parameter scale endows Large Models (LMs) with unparalleled performance, it also limits their adaptability across specific tasks. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has emerged as a critical approach for effectively…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-22 Dong Chen , Zhengqing Hu , Shixing Zhao , Yibo Guo

Fine-tuning all parameters of Large Language Models (LLMs) is computationally expensive. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods address this by selectively fine-tuning specific parameters. Most of the parameter efficient fine-tuning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-19 Ming Dong , Kang Xue , Bolong Zheng , Tingting He

The Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) method, which adjusts or introduces fewer trainable parameters to calibrate pre-trained models on downstream tasks, has become a recent research interest. However, existing PEFT methods within the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-13 Jiacheng Ruan , Jingsheng Gao , Mingye Xie , Suncheng Xiang , Zefang Yu , Ting Liu , Yuzhuo Fu

Large Language Models (LLMs), being generic task solvers, are versatile. However, despite the vast amount of data they are trained on, there are speculations about their adaptation capabilities to a new domain. Additionally, the simple…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Anum Afzal , Mehul Kumawat , Florian Matthes

Fine-tuning large language models (LLM) can be costly. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) addresses the problems by training a fraction of the parameters, whose success reveals the expressiveness and flexibility of pretrained models.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-07 Jing Xu , Jingzhao Zhang

Current methods for few-shot fine-tuning of pretrained masked language models (PLMs) require carefully engineered prompts and verbalizers for each new task to convert examples into a cloze-format that the PLM can score. In this work, we…

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) is a highly effective approach for adapting large pre-trained models to downstream tasks with minimal computational overhead. At the core, PEFT methods freeze most parameters and only trains a small…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Shiyun Xu , Zhiqi Bu

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) can be accurately fine-tuned for downstream text processing tasks. Recently, researchers have introduced several parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods that optimize input prompts or adjust a small number…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Saeed Najafi , Alona Fyshe

Few-shot learning and parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) are crucial to overcome the challenges of data scarcity and ever growing language model sizes. This applies in particular to specialized scientific domains, where researchers…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-18 Jonas Rieger , Mattes Ruckdeschel , Gregor Wiedemann

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) techniques have emerged to address overfitting and high computational costs associated with fully fine-tuning in self-supervised learning. Mainstream PEFT methods add a few trainable parameters while…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Xingliang Lei , Yiwen Ye , Zhisong Wang , Ziyang Chen , Minglei Shu , Weidong Cai , Yanning Zhang , Yong Xia

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods enable efficient adaptation of Large Language Models (LLMs) to various downstream applications. However, the effectiveness of the PEFT diminishes notably when downstream tasks require accurate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-29 Renzhi Wang , Piji Li

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) is a popular method for tailoring pre-trained large language models (LLMs), especially as the models' scale and the diversity of tasks increase. Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is based on the idea that the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Pengjie Ren , Chengshun Shi , Shiguang Wu , Mengqi Zhang , Zhaochun Ren , Maarten de Rijke , Zhumin Chen , Jiahuan Pei

Large language models (LLMs) are commonly adapted to downstream tasks using parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) or in-context learning (ICL). Recently, ICL-driven embedding-based adaptation has been proposed as a distinct task adaptation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Jungwon Park , Jimyeong Kim , Changin Choi , Wonjong Rhee

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) using labeled task data can significantly improve the performance of large language models (LLMs) on the downstream task. However, there are 7000 languages in the world and many of these languages lack…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Alexandra Chronopoulou , Jonas Pfeiffer , Joshua Maynez , Xinyi Wang , Sebastian Ruder , Priyanka Agrawal

In-context learning (ICL, also known as few-shot prompting) has been the standard method of adapting LLMs to downstream tasks, by learning from a few input-output examples. Nonetheless, all ICL-based approaches only learn from correct…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-13 Tianjun Zhang , Aman Madaan , Luyu Gao , Steven Zheng , Swaroop Mishra , Yiming Yang , Niket Tandon , Uri Alon

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) have become popular methods for adapting large language models while minimizing compute requirements. In this paper, we apply PEFT methods (P-tuning, Adapters,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-28 Aleksander Ficek , Jiaqi Zeng , Oleksii Kuchaiev

Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have emerged as effective and promising approaches for fine-tuning pre-trained language models. Compared with Full parameter Fine-Tuning (FFT), PEFT achieved comparable task performance with a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Tongzhou Yu , Zhuhao Zhang , Guanghui Zhu , Shen Jiang , Meikang Qiu , Yihua Huang

An old-school recipe for training a classifier is to (i) learn a good feature extractor and (ii) optimize a linear layer atop. When only a handful of samples are available per category, as in Few-Shot Adaptation (FSA), data are insufficient…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-17 Matteo Farina , Massimiliano Mancini , Giovanni Iacca , Elisa Ricci

Transformer-based large language models exhibit in-context learning, enabling adaptation to downstream tasks via few-shot prompting with demonstrations. In practice, such models are often fine-tuned to improve zero-shot performance on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Chungpa Lee , Jy-yong Sohn , Kangwook Lee

Models that generate natural language explanations (NLEs) for their predictions have recently gained increasing interest. However, this approach usually demands large datasets of human-written NLEs for the ground-truth answers at training…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-13 Jesus Solano , Mardhiyah Sanni , Oana-Maria Camburu , Pasquale Minervini