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We study the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) method in nonconvex optimization problems from the point of view of approximating diffusion processes. We prove rigorously that the diffusion process can approximate the SGD algorithm weakly…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-03-06 Wenqing Hu , Chris Junchi Li , Lei Li , Jian-Guo Liu

In machine learning, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is widely deployed to train models using highly non-convex objectives with equally complex noise models. Unfortunately, SGD theory often makes restrictive assumptions that fail to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-11 Vivak Patel , Shushu Zhang , Bowen Tian

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a foundational algorithm for large-scale statistical learning and stochastic optimization. However, statistical inference based on SGD iterates remains challenging when stochastic gradients have infinite…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-05-26 Jose Blanchet , Peter Glynn , Wenhao Yang

In this paper, we investigate a general class of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithms, called Conditioned SGD, based on a preconditioning of the gradient direction. Using a discrete-time approach with martingale tools, we establish…

统计理论 · 数学 2023-10-17 Rémi Leluc , François Portier

This paper presents a comprehensive study on the convergence rates of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm when applied to overparameterized two-layer neural networks. Our approach combines the Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK)…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-07-11 Dinghao Cao , Zheng-Chu Guo , Lei Shi

This paper theoretically reanalyzes the convergence of the mini-batch stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for a structured minimization problem involving a finite-sum function with its gradient being stochastically approximated, and an…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-04-07 Runze Li , Jintao Xu , Wenxun Xing

Gradient descent (GD) on logistic regression has many fascinating properties. When the dataset is linearly separable, it is known that the iterates converge in direction to the maximum-margin separator regardless of how large the step size…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-16 Si Yi Meng , Baptiste Goujaud , Antonio Orvieto , Christopher De Sa

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is arguably the most important single algorithm in modern machine learning. Although SGD with unbiased gradient estimators has been studied extensively over at least half a century, SGD variants relying on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-26 Yury Demidovich , Grigory Malinovsky , Igor Sokolov , Peter Richtárik

We consider stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for least-squares regression with potentially several passes over the data. While several passes have been widely reported to perform practically better in terms of predictive performance on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-11-26 Loucas Pillaud-Vivien , Alessandro Rudi , Francis Bach

In this paper, we consider a general stochastic optimization problem which is often at the core of supervised learning, such as deep learning and linear classification. We consider a standard stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method with a…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-12-27 Lam M. Nguyen , Nam H. Nguyen , Dzung T. Phan , Jayant R. Kalagnanam , Katya Scheinberg

We consider a variant of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with a random learning rate and reveal its convergence properties. SGD is a widely used stochastic optimization algorithm in machine learning, especially deep learning. Numerous…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-09-09 Naoki Yoshida , Shogo Nakakita , Masaaki Imaizumi

Machine learning models trained with \emph{stochastic} gradient descent (SGD) can generalize better than those trained with deterministic gradient descent (GD). In this work, we study SGD's impact on generalization through the lens of the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Hongjian Lan , Yucong Liu , Florian Schäfer

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is the optimization algorithm of choice in many machine learning applications such as regularized empirical risk minimization and training deep neural networks. The classical convergence analysis of SGD is…

Theoretically understanding stochastic gradient descent (SGD) in overparameterized models has led to the development of several optimization algorithms that are widely used in practice today. Recent work by~\citet{zou2021benign} provides…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Alexandru Meterez , Depen Morwani , Costin-Andrei Oncescu , Jingfeng Wu , Cengiz Pehlevan , Sham Kakade

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has been found to be surprisingly effective in training a variety of deep neural networks. However, there is still a lack of understanding on how and why SGD can train these complex networks towards a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-01-03 Yi Zhou , Junjie Yang , Huishuai Zhang , Yingbin Liang , Vahid Tarokh

Stein Variational Gradient Descent (SVGD) is a widely used in practice algorithm for scalable sampling with deterministic particle updates. We study its behavior in the singular limit where the kernel bandwidth tends to zero. In this…

偏微分方程分析 · 数学 2026-05-06 José A. Carrillo , Jakub Skrzeczkowski , Jethro Warnett

We consider a class of statistical inverse problems involving the estimation of a regression operator from a Polish space to a separable Hilbert space, where the target lies in a vector-valued reproducing kernel Hilbert space induced by an…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-04-28 Jia-Qi Yang , Lei Shi

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a popular algorithm for optimization problems arising in high-dimensional inference tasks. Here one produces an estimator of an unknown parameter from independent samples of data by iteratively…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-06-23 Gerard Ben Arous , Reza Gheissari , Aukosh Jagannath

We consider stochastic optimization problems where the objective depends on some parameter, as commonly found in hyperparameter optimization for instance. We investigate the behavior of the derivatives of the iterates of Stochastic Gradient…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2024-11-21 Franck Iutzeler , Edouard Pauwels , Samuel Vaiter

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is widely used in deep learning due to its computational efficiency, but a complete understanding of why SGD performs so well remains a major challenge. It has been observed empirically that most…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-06-20 Carmina Fjellström , Kaj Nyström